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Pp6f gIfqsf] cGTo
8Aa' If]qL
-Do"lhs
8fo/L, jif{ !, c+s @, @)^!_
lzj/fqLsf] lbg hGd]s} sf/0f pxfFsf] gfd lzjhL /xg uof] . afNosfnb]lv g} ehg d08nLdf pxfFsf] p7a; x'g] u¥of] . pxfF /fd|f] :j/df ehg ufpg'x'GYof] . h'g
nufjn] pxfFsf kl/jf/ klg v'zL lyP . la5§} /fd|/L ehg ufpg] lzjhL eljiodf /fd|f
ehg ufos aGg] c'gdfg pxfFsf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] lyof] .
t/ ;dosf] 5fn;Fu} cl3 a9\g] qmddf pxfF ehgdf dfq ;Lldt
x'g'ePg . nf]s–cfw'lgs, rnlrq, :jb]zh:tf ;a} k|sf/sf efsfdf pxfF k|l;4 x'g'eof]
. Tof]eGbf klg pxfFn] cfkm"nfO{ g]kfnL cfw'lgs
;ª\uLtsf k|0f]tfsf ¿kdf lrgfpg'eof] .
lzjhL cyf{t
lzjz+s/ dfgGw/ ca ;ª\uLtk|]dLx¿sf nfu ctLt alg;Sg'ePsf] 5 . afFsL 5g\ t s]jn
pxfFsf ;Demgf clg ;[hgfx¿ . sl/a kfFr dlxgf SofG;/ /f]u;Fu ;ª\3if{ ug'{eof]
pxfFn] . hLjgdf s}of}F ;ª\3if{df ;kmntf xft kf/] klg lzjz+s/n] SofG;/;Fusf]
;ª\3if{df rflxF k/fho ef]Ug'k¥of], kmntM o;k6ssf] efO6Lsfsf] lbg cfkm\gf]
r]nLa]6L / kl/jf/nfO{ dfq x}g ;f/f >f]tfx¿nfO{ 5f8]/ cgGt ofqfdf nfUg'eof]
pxf .
ut c;f/d}
pxfF c:j:y x'g'x'G5 eGg] ;dfrf/ aflx/ cfPsf] lyof] . t/ pxfnfO{
SofG;/ g} ePsf] cg'dfg rflxF s;}n] klg u/]sf lyPgg\ . k/LIf0fsf] qmddf ;fpgdf pxfsf] SofG;/ /f]u kQf nfUof], t/ klg pxfFn]
of] s'/fnfO{ aflx/ cfpg lbg'ePg . To;a]nf ;fyL;ª\uLsf kmf]g cfpy] pxfnfO{ .
cfkm" ;fdfGo la/fdL k/]sf sf/0f cf/fddf /x]sf] hjfkm lbg'x'GYof] pxf .
!$ c;f]hdf ha pxfFnfO{ e]6\g
sfnLdf6L -6ª\s]Zj/_ l:yt dfgGw/ lgjf;df of] kª\lStsf/ k'Yof], To; a]nf klg Pp6f
sfo{qmddf cltly alglbg pxfFnfO{ kmf]g cfof] – æxh'/, d t cln la;~rf] 5', To;}n]
cfpg ;lSbgF xf]nf .Æ lzjz+s/n] hjfkm lbg'eof] . ptfaf6 ;f]lwPsf] csf]{ k|Zgsf]
hjfkmdf pxfFn] eGg'eof] – æTo:tf] s]xL klg xf]Og . Hj/f] cfPsf] 5 . a'9]zsfndf lj/fdL kl//xg' t of] a]nfsf] ljz]iftf g} xf]
lg ¤Æ pxfFnfO{ kmf]g ug]{ snfsf/ ;]gfgL eLdaxfb'/ yfkf ePsf] klg lzjz+s/n] g}
atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
kl/jf/b]lv, ;fyLefO, ljleGg
;+3–;+:yf, rnlrq ljsf;af]8{, >L % sf] ;/sf/b]lv >L % dxf/fhflw/fh
;/sf/af6 ;d]t lzjz+s/sf] :jf:Yof]krf/df Jofks kxn eof] . oxfFsf] cf]d c:ktfn,
eStk'/ SofG;/ c:ktfnb]lv d'DaO{l:yt 6f6f d]df]l/on SofG;/ c:ktfn;Dd pxfFnfO{
pkrf/sf qmddf nluof] . ;ª\uLtsf/ zDe"lht af;sf]6f, of]u]z a}B, k|]dWjh
k|wfgnufotsf JolStx¿n] dfgGw/sf kl/jf/;Fu ldn]/ pxfFsf] :jf:Yof]krf/df s'g} s;/
afFsL /fv]gg\ . tyflk lgi7'/L sfnn] ut @( sflQsdf lzjz+s/nfO{ xfdLnfO{ ;bfsf
nflu vf]:of] .
s]xL jif{ cl3 ufos k'ik
g]kfnLsf] lgwg x'g, ut jif{ ufos tyf ;ª\uLtsf/ gfltsfhL >]i7sf] / o; jif{
lzjz+s/ dfgGw/sf] lgwg x'g'n] g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLt k|fb'ef{jsf] Pp6f k':tf g}
d]l6Psf] 5 . jf:tjd} oL tLg x:tLx¿ g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;fª\uLlts
cf]bfgsf tLg v'§f x'g\ . hlta]nf g]kfndf lxGb":tfgL uLtsf] afx'Notf lyof],
g]kfndf ;'lgGy] t s]jn oxfFsf nf]sefsfx¿ . To:tf] avtdf lxGb":tfgL
uLtx¿nfO{ :jb]zdf lj:yflkt ug{ cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] lahf/f]k0f ug]{ klg oxL k':tf
lyof] . of] k':tfsf] lg/Gt/ k|of;sf sf/0f @)!^ kl5
oxfFsf] ;fª\uLlts ahf/df g]kfnL efiffs} cfw'lgs uLtx¿ Joj;flos ¿kdf b]vfk/] . jif}{lkR5] of] qmd a9]kl5 o; d'n'sdf lxGb":tfgL uLtsf]
7fpFdf g]kfnL cfw'lgs uLtn] k|efj hdfpg yfn]sf] xf] .
/]l8of]df
ufogsf] lx;fan] oL cd/ JolStTjeGbf xl/k|;fb l/dfn cu|0fL dflgg'x'G5 . tyflk
kl5Nnf lbgdf k'ik g]kfnL, gfltsfhL / lzjz+s/ ;lqmo
/xg'eof] . cem lzjz+s/n] t SofG;/af6 kLl8t eO{ cf]5\ofgdf a:bf klg ;ª\uLt ;[hgf
ug{ 5f8\g'ePg . oxL sf/0fn] lzjz+s/ kl5Nnf] ;dodf klg rlr{t /xg'eof] .
æcfxf s:tf] /fd|f] uLt ufPsf] ¤
ltdL t /]l8of]df ufpg hfg'k5{ .Æ ehg d08nL / 8anLdf pxfFsf] uLt ;'g]kl5
;fyLx¿n]] o;f] eg] . ;fyLx¿sf] oxL xf};nfsf sf/0f
lzjz+s/ dfgGw/ @))* ;fndf /]l8of] g]kfndf k|j]z ug'{ePsf] lyof] . Tof] klg
xl/k|;fb l/dfn, kGgfsfhL zfSo, sf]OnLb]jL dfy]df, j:tfb e}/jaxfb'/ yfkfh:tf
;ª\uLtsdL{x¿;Fu} . /]l8of] k|j]zkl5 pxfFn] æcefj
ltd|f] v8\lsG5Æ af]nsf] uLt ufpg'eof] . h'g uLtsf /rlotf Zofdbf; j}i0fj x'g'x'GYof] . lzjhLsf gfdn] kl/lrt pxfFn] of] uLt
ufpg] qmddf /]l8of]sf pb\3f]ifsn] ufos lzjz+s/sf gfdn]
pb\3f]if0f u/]kl5 lzjhLaf6 pxfF lzjz+s/ aGg'ePsf] xf] .
lj=;+= !(*( kmfu'g !@ df
lzj/flqdf sf7df8f}Fsf] Go"/f]8df hGdg'ePsf lzjz+s/n] /]l8of]df bh{gf}F uLt
ufO;s] klg cfkm\gf] klxnf] uLt eg] @)!% df dfq /]s8{ u/fpg'ePsf] xf] . ‘of] vf]nfsf] wldnf] kfgL, Pp6f ¿dfn w'Fb}df lbg hfg] .’ of]
klg pxfFsf] klxnf] /]sl8{ª uLt xf] . h'g snsQfl:yt
PrPdeL sDkgLdf Tolta]nf /]s8{ u/fOPsf] lyof] .
cfkm\gf] hLjgsfndf pxfFn] sl/a c9fO{ ;o uLt ufpg'eof] . tLg
xhf/eGbf a9L uLtdf ;ª\uLt lbg'eof] . t/ klg pxfF ;w}F
cfkm\g} ;[hgfdf /dfpg'x'GYof] . ;xsdL{ gfltsfhL
>]i7sf] ;ª\uLtdf Pp6f uLtafx]s pxfFn] afFsL ;a} uLt cfkm\g} ;ª\uLtdf
ufpg'eof] . a¿ pxfFsf] ;ª\uLtdf gfltsfhL, k'ik g]kfnL, gf/fo0fuf]kfn, ¿aL
hf]zL, k|]dWjh k|wfg, of]u]z j}B, dL/f /f0ff, zDe"lht af;sf]6fb]lv gofF
k':tfsf ufos–uflosfn] ;d]t uLt ufPsf 5g\ .
;ª\uLt
;[hgfdf dfq x}g, lzjz+s/ dfw'o{ uLt ufpgdf klg TolQs} rlr{t x'g'x'GYof] .
To;}n] t æd d/] klg d]/f] b]z afFrL /xf];\, s] xf] ltd|f] gfd sfF xf] ltd|f]
ufd, abgfdsf] Ozf/fn], hf P klys hf, P uugsL ;'Gb/LÆ h:tf b'O{ ;oeGbf a9L
pxfFsf :j/sf dfw'o{ uLt g]kfnL ;bfaxf/ ;ª\uLtj[Qdf sfnhoL cd/ uLt aGg k'u]sf
5g\ .
dfw'o{ uLt–;ª\uLtsf wgL
lzjz+s/nfO{ g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtdf jfB;+of]hgsf k|yd k|of]ustf{ klg dflgG5 .
pxfFn] ljleGg jfB;+of]hg uLt–;ª\uLtdf u/]kl5 To;a]nf pxfFsf] of] sfo{sf] c¿n]
l;sf] u/]sf lyP . To;}n] lzjz+s/nfO{ g]kfnL ;fª\uLlts k[i7e"lddf ‘Do'lhs
P/]lGhª\sf k|j4{s’ klg elgG5 . /]l8of]
g]kfndf k|j]zkZrft ljz]if u/]/ gfltsfhLsf] ;fldKo /xg' ePsf lzjz+s/ cfkm\gf]
;fª\uLlts ofqfdf gfltsfhLsf] hf]8L alg/xg'eof] . oL hf]8Ln] g]kfnL cfw'lgs
;ª\uLtnfO{ :jl0f{d o'udf g} k'¥ofP . tyflk ;ª\uLt ;[hgfsf] lx;fan] gflteGbf
lzjnfO{ g} t]h dfG5g\ pxfFsf ;xsdL{x¿ . s'g} klg uLt xftdf kgf{;fy To;nfO{
tTsfn} ;ª\uLtdf 9fNg'x'GYof] lzj . t/ gfltsf] rflxF
;ª\uLt ;[hgf l9nf] x'g] ub{Yof] . lzjsf] of] ;fª\uLlts ljz]iftf xf] eg] hf]
sf]xL;Fu klg ldqjt\ Jojxf/ ug'{ / ;a}nfO{ /fd|f] sfd tkm{ k|]l/t ug'{ pxfFsf]
JolStut ljz]iftf lyof] .
g]kfnL
rnlrqj[Qdf klg lzjz+s/sf] cfkm\gf] 5'§} :yfg 5 . hlta]nf uLt ufpg]x¿nfO{ ufOg]
eg]/ x]o b[li6n] x]l/GYof], To:tf]a]nf pxfF ;ª\uLtdf nfUg'ePsf] xf] . hlta]nf
snfsfl/tf ug]{nfO{ gf}6ª\sLafh elgGYof], h;nfO{ ;dfhn] ;xL 7fGb}g lyof], To:tf]
cj:yfdf pxfF g]kfnL rnlrqsf] k|yd gfos aGg'eof] . @)@! ;fndf
g]kfndf k|ydk6s lgld{t g]kfnL rnlrq ‘cfdf’df
pxfFn] gfossf] e"ldsf lgefpg'eof] . t/ klg k|yd
gfos ePsf]df pxfFn] hLjgel/ cxdtf b]vfpg'ePg . rnlrqdf
/fd|/L sfd ug'{k5{ eg]/ cfkm"eGbf kl5sf k':tfx¿nfO{ xf};nf lbg a¿ pxfF kl5
kg'{x'GgYof] . ‘k~r} xf] of] b]z agfOb]pm’
af]nsf] ‘cfdf’ rnlrqsf] uLt klg ufpg'ePsf lzjz+s/n] o;kl5 ‘dgsf]
afFw’ ‘s'df/L’ ‘kRrL; j;Gt’ nufot
ljleGg rnlrqdf ;ª\uLt lbP/ g]kfnL l;g] ;ª\uLtsf] >Lj[l4df ug'{eof] .
oxL sf/0f klg pxfFnfO{ g]kfnL
l;g]sdL{x¿ clegosf cleefjs 7fGb5g\ . t/ pxfF eg] kl5Nnf lbgdf u'gf;f]
ug'{x'GYof] – ælxGb":tfgL rnlrqsf] gSsn g]kfnL rnlrqdf a9\b} uPsf] 5 . g]kfnL rnlrqdf Jofj;flostf;Fu} df}lnstfnfO{ klg dxTj lbP slQ
hftL x'g] lyof] .Æ
pxfFn] cfkm"
;/sf/L ;]jfdf /x'Gh]n pbfx/0fLo ¿kdf ;]jf ug'{eof] . ufossf ¿kdf /]l8of]df
k|j]z u/]/ ;ª\uLt zfvfsf] k|d'v;d]t eO{ rf/ bzssf] ;]jfkZrft cjsfz kfpg'ePsf
lzjz+s/n] ToxfFsf uLt ;ª\uLtsf Sof;]6nfO{ nfOa|]/Ldf Jojl:yt ug]{ nufot ljleGg
of]ubfg k'¥ofpg'ePsf] pxfFsf r]nfx¿ atfpF5g\ . pxfF tTsfnLg /Tg /]sl8{ª
;+:yfsf] dxfk|aGws -@)$# – @)$^_ klg x'g'ePsf] lyof] .
cfkm\gf hf]8L gfltsfhLsf] gfddf
g]kfn 6]lnlehgåf/f :yflkt ‘gfltsfhL ;ª\uLt k'/:sf/’
lzjz+s/n] k/nf]s x'g' kfFr lbg cl3 dfq u|x0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . h'g Pp6f b'Mvb\ ;+of]u xf] . o;afx]s uf]/vf blIf0f afx', lqzlQm k§,
dx]Gb| /Tge"if0f, ;'k|l;4 jL/]Gb| k|hftGq ef:s/, l5Ggntf k'/:sf/, g]kfn
df];g lkSr/ nfOkm 6fOd Plred]G6 cjf8{, Od]h nfOkm 6fOd Plred]G6 cjf8{;lxt
ljleGg ;Ddfgn] pxfF lje"lift x'g'eof] .
;ª\uLts}
nflu of] wtL{df cfpg'ePsf lzjz+s/ ;ª\uLtd} tlNng /x]/ xfdLaf6 6f9f x'g'eof] .
of] kª\lStsf/;Fu pxfFn] SofG;/;Fu ;ª\3if{ ub}{ kl5Nnf] e]6df eGg'ePsf] lyof] –
æcGg / kfgLsf] of] hLjg ;w}F /xg ;Sb}g . t/ xfdLn] sd{
ug{ 5f8\g' x'Fb}g . d]/f] t ca hLjgsf] e/ ePg . gofF k':tfn] ;fª\uLltsIf]qnfO{
;xL¿kdf cufl8 a9fOlbPx'GYof] .Æ pxfFsf] of] rfxgfnfO{ ;fsf/ t'Nofpg' g} lzjz+s/
dfgGw/k|lt xfd|f] ;xL >4f;'dg x'g]5 .
/fi6«slj dfwjk|;fb l3ld/]
lzjz+s/ s'g} kl/ro u/fO{ /fVg'kg]{ gfd xf]Og . uLtsf/ /
ufosx¿sf] ;fy} ;ª\uLtsf/sf] klg ljlrqsf] lylt x'G5 . s]xL n]Vg ;fy aflx/ cfOxfN5 . oL snfsf/x¿sf] t'¿Gtf–t'¿GtL
k|l;l4 eO{ klg hfG5 . t/ g]kfnsf s]xL ufos–;ª\uLtsf/ o:tf 5g\ h;nfO{ g]kfnn]
;w}“ ;lDem/xG5 . pgLx¿n] lj;L{ g;Sg'sf] u'0f nfPsf 5g\
. To:t} dWo] lzjz+s/ klg Ps x'g\ .
lzjz+s/sf] ljz]iftf s] lyof]
eg] b]Vgf ;fy ;fFRr} nf]Ug] dfG5] h:tf] JolQmTj ePsf], Xi6–k'i6, uf]/f] cg'xf/
hLp klg To:t} ePsf], eJo JolQm=== t/ Tof] JolQm 3d08L, l/;fxf xf]Og, ;f}Do
cg'xf/ lnP/ cfPsf] ;ª\uLt;Fu ldNg] JolQmTj x'g\ lzjz+s/ . no
/ ;ª\uLt;Fu ldNg] .
;ª\uLtsf]
If]qdf, ;ª\uLtsf] ;fwgf / b]gdf pgsf] vf; ljz]iftf klg lyof] . Tof] xf] db{gf unf–cfjfh . h'xf/f v'n]sf] k"/f cf/f]x–cj/f]xdf
v]Ng] :j/ ufos–uflosfsf lglDt of] b'n{e g} x'G5 . To;k|sf/sf]
:j/ lzjz+s/df d}n] kfPsf] lyPF . l/Hb\sL, d"R5{gf
/ dL7' k|i6 b]lvg ;lsg] :j/ pgdf lglxt lyof] . h'xf/f v'n]sf] dbf{ª\gL cfjfh
lzjz+s/sf] b]lvGYof] eg] cfhef]ln /fh]z kfon /fO{df klg Tof] ljz]iftfsf] emns
b]lvG5 . Pp6f dbf{gf :j/ lnP/ cfPsf] k':tf klg b]vf
k/]sf] 5 .
s}of}“
;ª\uLt l;h{gf u/]sf lzjz+s/sf] of]ubfg cd"No 5 . tL
;a} ;'g]kl5 dnfO{ nfUb5 – olt w]/} /fd|f km"nx¿ km'Nb5g\ tL lsg em/]/
hfG5g\ < eGg]] nflu/xG5 . olt /fd|f uLt ufpg] snfsf/x¿ gd/] x'GYof] eGg]] nfU5 . hLjg hGd]kl5 d/]/ hfg] /x]5
. t/ pm d/]/ uP klg cd/tf /r]sf] x'G5 . cfhef]ln dfG5]n] rfxg] cd/tf g} p:sf] s[lt jf l;h{gf g} xf] .
p;n] s] lbof] ;dfhnfO{, /fi6«nfO{ / ljZjnfO{ p;sf] cd/tf g} To;}df /xG5 .
:ju{af6 slxNo} b]jb"t
cfpFb}g eGg]] dnfO{ nfU5 . olb olxF s'g} aLhn] df6f]df ;ª\3if{ u/L pd|]/ ha
km"n ag]/ km'N5 ToxL xf] ;fwsn] ug]{ ;fwgf / pm olxFaf6 b]jb"t ag]/
hfG5 . ;ª\uLtsf/ egf}“, snfsf/ egf}“ ;a}nfO{ >4f ug{ dg nfU5 . ;ª\uLt
la:tf/} Wofg lbP/ ;'Gof}F eg] To;sf] dL7f; la:tf/} yfxf kfpg ;lsG5 . lzjz+s/sf ;ª\uLt dnfO{ To:t} nfUb5g\ . ;ª\uLtsf]
zlQm klg ToxL xf] ls To;sf] k|efj ===.
lzjz+s/n] :j/
lbPsf ;ª\uLtx¿ Ps} 7fpF ;ª\slnt x'g'k5{ ;+/lIft x'g' kb{5 . To;af6 efjL lkF9Ln] To;sf] ;'jf; / k|efj klg lng ;S5g\ . o:t} ;fwsx¿sf ;ª\uLtaf6 g} /fi6«sf] uf}/j a9]sf] x'G5 . xfdL ;|i6fx¿ /fi6«nfO{ ToxL ;'Dk]/ hfG5f}F . ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/ ;fy} cleg]tf lzjz+s/n] klg /fi6«nfO{ ToxL ;'Dk]/
uPsf 5g\ . of] :d/0fLo s'/f xf] .
k|f=8f= jf;'b]j lqkf7L
k"j{
pks'nklt, g]=/f=k|=k|=
;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ ;'?df t d}n]
/]l8of] g]kfn dfkm{t\ pgsf uLt–;ª\uLtaf6} lrGg] df}sf kfPsf] x'“ . vf;u/L
g]kfnL ;ª\uLtnfO{ & ;fnsf] v'Nnf jftfj/0fkl5 ;+:yfut / JolQmut ¿kdf x'sf{P/
g]kfnLkg / df}lnstfsf] ;dGjo u/fpFb} cfkm\gf] k|ltefsf] v'nf;f u/fpFg]
;ª\uLtsf/x¿ dWo]s} Ps x'g\ lzjz+s/ .
kfZrfTo jf k"jL{o
;ª\uLtsf] d"nd];f]sf] r'/f]nfO{ ;/Ss lgsfn]/ g]kfnL z}nLsf] ljsf; u/fpg]
JolQm cyf{t\ ;|i6f lzjz+s/ x'g\ . g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] d"nk|jfx olQsf ¿kdf
lkmlhg'df To;sfnsf ;ª\uLtsdL{x¿sf] of]ubfg /lxcfPsf] 5 . nf]s / zf:qLo b'j}sf
aLrdf ghflgbf] ;Gt'ng ePsfn] >'lt dw'/ klg b]lvG5 pgsf ;ª\uLt l;h{gf .
h;nfO{ ;f]nf]8f]nf];Fu ;lhn} cfTdf;ft ug{ ;lsG5 . h'g cfgGbsf] cg'e"lt cfpF5
. Tof] pGdfbsf] x}g, Xbosf] cfkm\g} pNnf; / kL8fleqsf] klg cfkm\g} Pp6f dfw'o{
pgsf] ;ª\uLtaf6 k|fKt x'g] x'gfn] pgsf l;h{gfx¿ efjhut;Fu tfbfDo /x]sf] d}n]
kfPsf] 5' .
kl5 xfd|f] lrghfg eof] .
l5Ggntf uLt–;ª\uLt u'7L;Fu ;DalGwt eP/ xfdLn] Pp6}
;+:yfdf klg sfd u¥of}“ . g/d af]nL–rfnL, eb| JolQmTj /
;fnLg jfgLsf wgL lzjz+s/sf s[ltut ;dLIff ;ª\uLt If]qaf6 cfpg' h?/L 5 . tyflk,
pgsf ;ª\uLt l;h{gfx¿df dfgj hLjgsf ofjt\ cf/f]x–cj/f]xx¿ clg O{Zj/Lo b]gsf]
d"R5{gf k|ltlalDat ePsf] kfOG5 . pgsf ;ª\uLtx¿
efj k|efjåf/f lgb]{lzt b]lvG5g\ . cfw'lgs g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] ‘:j0f{o'u’ agfpg] of]ubfg lbg]x¿df To; ;dosf] g]t[Tj
lzjz+s/–gftLsfhLx¿n] g} u/]sf lyP . pgLx¿sf] ;fwgf, tk:of / lg/Gt/tfn] p7]sf]
g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] ljzfn j[If plePsf] 5, clxn] emfFluPsf] 5 / km}lnPsf] 5 .
b]zelQmk"0f{,
k|]defjsf jf cfWoflTds cflb ;a} k|sf/sf efj wf/0fsf uLt–;ª\uLtdf lzjz+s/ ;kmn
ePsf 5g\ . h'g ;kmntfn] pgnfO{ k|l;l4 ldn]sf] b]lvG5 .
g]kfnL hg–hLjgsf] efjnfO{ gfbdf ¿kfGtl/t ub}{ g]kfng} af]n]h:tf] nfUg],
>f]tfsf] cfTdf g} af]n]h:tf] nfUg] vfnsf l;h{gfx¿ lzjz+s/åf/f cfPsf 5g\ .
olb Tof] zAb–la;L{ lbbf jf zAbljxLg ;ª\uLtsf] cjnf]sg ug]{ xf] eg] To:t}
cg'e"lt x'G5 .
JolQmut ¿kdf
;fx|} c;n dfG5] . ;a}nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ . dfGohg, cu|hb]lv cg'h;Dddf
;/n–;dfg Jojxf/ / ulx/f] k|s[ltsf lzjz+s/n] gofF k':tfnfO{ ;fy lnP/ sfd u/]sf]
kfOof] . ;ª\uLtIf]qsf tLg–rf/ k':tf;Fu pgn] sfd u/]sf]
kfOG5 . rf/ bzs;Dd nuftf/ Pp6f ljifodf nugzLn x'g' of]
cfkm} Pp6f r'gf}lt xf] . gofF–k'/fgf ;a};Fu ;fd"lxs¿kdf sfd ug{ ;Sg]
JolQmTjsf ¿kdf pgnfO{ kfPsf] lyPF . ;ª\uLtsf/–ufos lzjz+s/sf] k':tfn] kfpg]eGbf
of]ubfg lbg] sfo{ u/]sf]n] g} g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] :j0f{sfn :yfkgf x'g ;s]sf] xf]
eGg]] dnfO{ nfUb5 . pgsf] of]ubfg ct'ngLo, k|z+;gLo / pNn]vgLo /x]sf] 5 . pgsf]
htL u'0f / dlxdf ufP klg ;lsFb}g .
;xgzLn, ;x[boL lzazªs/
– wg]Gb| ljdn
lj=;+= @)#& ;fnn] dnfO{
afWo agfof] /]l8of] g]kfn k|j]z ug{ . d ev{/sf] cfnf] sfFrf] s]6f lyPF . yfxf lyPg dnfO{ hfuL/sf] dd{, g t sfof{nosf] gLltlgod . t/
klg d ljj; lyPF hflu/ vfg}kg]{ Ps k|sf/sf] kl/aGwdf d lyPF, sf/0f d]/f]
lktf>Lsf] lgwg .
h]xf];\, lktf>Ln] /]l8of] g]kfndf k'¥ofpg'ePsf] x'gfn]
g} d}n] /]l8of]df hflu/ vfg] cj;/ kfPsf] lyPF . h'g
cfh;Dd klg oyfjt /xL /]l8of]leq d}n] y'k|} kfPF, w]/} l;s], w]/} hfg]F, clg
y'k|} a'em] klg . o;/L dnfO{ kl/kSj agfpg ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg'x'g] cfb/0fLo cu|hx¿dWo] Ps x'g'x'GYof] lzaz+s/ df8;fa .
Tof] tfsf lxhf]cfh ;:tf] ;/
eGg]] k|rng eGbf k|foM xflsdx¿nfO{ df8;fa g} ;Daf]wg ug]{ k|rng lyof] / To;}sf]
cg'z/0f d}n] klg u/]sf] lyPF . d ;fg} pd]/sf] clg
cfkm\gf] ;fyLsf] 5f]/f klg ePsf] sf/0fn] xf]nf, pxfFn] dnfO{ ljz]if :g]x k|bfg
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pxfF Toltv]/ zfl:qo ;ª\uLtsf]
k|d'vsf] x}l;otn] sfo{/t x'g'x'GYof] eg] d 6]k nfOa|]/Ldf sfd ub{y] . To;}n]
pxfF;Fu k|foM To;} l;nl;nfdf e]6 eO{ g} /xGYof] . oxL
qmddf pxfFn] dnfO{ uLt–;ª\uLtnfO{ nfOa|]/Ldf ;'Joal:yt tj/n] /fVg] k|lqmofsf
af/]df klg l;sfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
pxfFnfO{ d}n] glhsaf6
lrg]hfg]cg';f/ pxfF s;}sf] dg gb'vfpg] s;}nfO{ sfd cx|fpg kbf{ klg cfb]zsf]
¿kdf geO{ cfu|xsf] ¿kdf ;/n efiffdf eGg]] / ;w}F xfFl;/xg] :jefjsf] x'g'x'GYof]
. pxfFleqsf] of] u'0f jf:tad} cg's/0fLo 5 / cfhsf
;|i6fx¿n] Tof] u'0f cfkm"df Nofpg;s] cxª\sf/sf] afbn ;fob nfUg] lyPg xf]nf
.
lzjz+s/ df8;fan] of] wtL{ 5f8]/ hfg' t eof] t/ pxfF cem} klg
d]/f ;Demgfdf hLljt x'g'x'G5 / /lx/xg' x'g]5 .
Zofdbf; j}i0fj
lzjz+s/ g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf Ps gIfq x'g\ . pgsf]
l;h{gf, u'0f / ljz]iftfx¿sf] hlt aofg u/] klg ;fWo 5}g . d}n]
t pgnfO{ ;ª\uLtsf] lzv/ klg eGg] u/]sf] 5' . pgsf
s[ltx¿sf bf]xg eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] dnfO{ nfUb5 . lsgeg] @! –@@ ;fnlt/ b]jsf]6fsf]
;'nf]rgf dxfsfJosf] ;f/df d}n] uLt n]v] / To;sf] Jofn] agfpsf nflu lzjz+s/nfO{
;ª\uLtsf] lhDdf lbOof] . ;f] cg';f/ pgn] ;ª\uLt tof/
u/L /]s8{ klg eof] . kl5 Tof] Hofb} ljof]ufGt eof] elg k|bz{gdf lbnfO{ eof] .
x'Fbfx'Fb} Tof] Jofn] k|bz{g epg . tyflk, ;ª\uLt, clego / ufog tLg} kIfdf pgsf]
of]ubfg dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] s'/fdf s'g} b'O{ dt 5}g .
g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] hu ;]t'/fd,
d]njfb]jL, ldq;]gx¿n] a;fn]sf lyP eg] To;sf] tNnf yKg] sfd lzjz+s/, gfltsfhL,
s[i0fdfg ;d]tsf] /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf;df lzjz+s/n] k'¥ofPsf]
of]ubfgsf] sb/ x'g k5{ . pgn] /]l8of] ;'gfd cfw'lgs ;ª\uLt dfkm{t 7"nf]
sfd u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] Oltxf;df pgsf] gfd
cljid/0fLo /x]sf] 5 .
k|f= t'n;L lbj;
;+:s[ltljb\
lzjz+s/hL g]kfnL
;ª\uLtIf]qsf Pshgf dxTjk"0f{ JolQmsf] ¿kdf d lnG5' . ljz]if u/]/ cfw'lgs
g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] If]qdf pxfFsf] of]ubfg dxTjk"0f{ 5 . o;f] eg]/ pxfFsf]
JolStTjnfO{ s]jn cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtdf dfq} ;Lldt gul/sg nf]s, zf:qLo, ehg cflb
ljljw ;fª\uLlts If]qdf pxfFn] cfkm\gf] k|ltefsf] k|bz{g ug'{ePsf] 5 . /
pxfF;Fusf] sfd ug]{ Pp6f cj;/ d kb\dsGof SofDk;df x'Fbf -cWofkg ubf{_ dnfO{
pknAw ePsf] lyof] . xfdLn] Pp6f uLlt gf6s ‘kl/jt{g’ k|bz{g
u/]sf lyof}F . To;sf] ;ª\uLt rflxF pxfFnfO{ lbg cg'/f]w ul/Psf] lyof] / Tof]
sfo{qmd ;kmn, ;'Gb/ / cToGt dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] d cg'ej ub{5' . d]/f] JolStut
¿kdf klg pxfF;Fu lrgf/L lyof] . pxfFsf] csf]{ lrgf/L
Pp6f cfdf rnlrqsf] cleg]tfsf ¿kdf klg 5 . / Tof] 9ª\un] x]bf{ pxfFsf]
JolQmTjnfO{ clegob]lv lnP/ ;ª\uLt l;h{gf, ufog tyf gofF gofF k|ltefx¿nfO{ l6k]/
cufl8 a9fpg] sfo{df klg pxfFn] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg lbg'ePsf] s'/f d d'Sts07n]
k|z+;f ub{5' .
sfnLk|;fb l/hfn
lzjz+s/ ax'd'vL k|ltefsf] wgL
x'g'x'GYof] . ;ª\uLt l;h{gf,
ufog / clego tLg} If]qdf pxfFn] sfd ug'{eof] . cfw'lgs uLtsf] k|f/lDessfndf
g]kfnL ;ª\uLt / ufognfO{ g]kfnLkgsf] dfw'o{tfsf ;fy :yflkt u/]/ cl3 a9fpg]
sfddf pNn]vgLo of]ubfg pxfFsf] /x]sf] 5 .
lzjz+s/n] cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{
hLjg ;ª\uLtsf] lg:sfd ;]jfdf clk{t ug'{eof] . lzi6, d[b'efifL / ljgozLn
lzjz+s/af6 gofF k':tfn] k|]/0ff lng' ;Sg'k5{ .
;ª\uLtsf lzv/ lzjz+s/
– ls/0f v/]n
dnfO{ nfU5 – lzjz+s/sf] ;ª\uLt
/ :j/ d}n] @))(–!) ;fnb]lv ;'Gg yfn]sf] x'F . dnfO{
uLtsf/ agfpg]df /]l8of] g]kfnsf] klg 7"nf] e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . lzjz+s/h:tf snfsf/sf] emg\ 7"nf] k|]/0ff 5 . ev{/ ev{/ :yfkgf
ePsf] /]l8of]af6 g]kfnL uLtx¿ ;'Gg kfpg' lgs} ;f}efUosf] s'/f lyof].
lzjz+s/sf] pbo To;a]nf ePsf] xf] h'ga]nf ;|f]tfx¿nfO{
ljb]zL ;ª\uLt ;'Gg}kg]{ afWotf lyof] . t/ lzjz+s/ / pgsf
;dsfnLg snfsf/x¿n] u/]sf] cys k|of;n] g]kfnLx¿n] g]kfnL uLtd} /dfpg]
cj;/ k|fKt u/] .
uLtk|ltsf] ljz]if cle¿rLsf] kmn:j¿k !#÷!$ ;fnlt/ lzjz+s/;Fu d]/f] lrgfhfgL
eof] . la:tf/ la:tf/ xfd|f] ldqtf lgs} k|uf9 x'g
k'Uof] . dnfO{ nfU5 d]/f cGbfhL c9fO{ ;o hlt uLt
lzjz+s/n] ;ª\uLta4 ug'{eof] eg] emG8} Ps ;o hlt uLtdf :j/ klg lbg'eof] .
pxfFsf ljz]iftfx¿ ;Demg'kbf{
;aeGbf klxn] d pxfFsf] lxdfnh:t} sGrg dgnfO{ ;Demg k'U5' . xFl;nf], ldngzLn
cg'xf/ ;Demg k'U5' . jL0ffsf] w'gh:t} ;'dw'/ Jojxf/
;Demg k'U5' .
cGbfhL %) jif{sf]
;ª\utdf d}n] pxfFnfO{ slxNo} pbf; ePsf] b]lvg . cfkm\gf] sfo{sfndf
s;}dfly kIfkft u/]sf] b]lvg . rfx] k|ltli7t ;|i6f x'g\
rfx] gjf]lbt ;a};Fu pxfFsf] ;dfg / ;'dw'/ Jojxf/ x'GYof] . log} u'0fx¿ b]Vbf dnfO{ nfU5 pxfF hGdFb} cfkm"leq Pp6f snfsf/ lnP/
hGdg' ePsf] lyof] . Pp6f To:tf] snfsf/ hf] sf]dn 5
sGrg 5 / snfTds 5 .
emG8} emG8} z"Goaf6 ;'? ePsf] To;a]nfsf] xfd|f] ;'ud ;ª\uLtnfO{ @) – #)
sf] bzsdf :jl0f{d o'udf NofO{ k'¥ofpgdf lzjz+s/sf] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg
/x]sf] 5 . pxfFsf] l;h{gf lagfsf] cfw'lgs uLtsf] Oltxf; cw'/f] /xg] dfq xf]Og
sNkgf g} ug{ ;lsGg . dnfO{ nfU5 ;a}eGbf a9L cfw'lgs uLtx¿df ;ª\uLt eg]{ ;|i6f
pxfF g} x'g'x'G5 . ;ª\Vof / u'0f b'j}sf] b[li6sf]0fn]
pxfF xfd|f] ;ª\uLtsf lzv/ k'?if x'g'x'G5 .
lzjz+s/ uLt
;'xfpFbf] no dfq eg'{ x'GgYof] no ;'xfpFbf] jfB ;+of]hg klg ug'{x'GYof] . jfB ;+of]hgdf gofF gofF k|of]u pxfFaf6 ;'¿ ePsf] xf] . pxfFsf ;ª\uLt ljljwtfn] el/Psf 5g\ . ;ª\uLtdf
ljljwtf / :j/df ulDe/tf -cf]h_ pxfFsf ljz]iftf x'g\ .
;ª\uLt / jfB ;+of]hg dfq xf]Og
uLt /rgfdf ePsf] gofF k|of]unfO{ klg pxfF lgs} ¿rfpg'x'GYof] . o;} ;Gbe{df d}n]
pxfFsf nflu s]xL k|lt pQ/ uLtx¿ /rgf u/]sf] lyPF . h:t}
M s] xf] ltd|f] gfpF < sf] hjfkm lyof] M kfj{tL xf] gfpF . æ;fu/ xf] :jf:gL dfG5]Æ sf] k|lt pQ/ lyof] – ænx/ xf] nf]Ug]
dfG5] ===Æ
k|of]u
dg k/fpg] lzjz+s/sf] csf]{ ljz]iftf lyof] – pxfF uLtsf] efj lgs} l56f]
a'‰g'x'GYof] / ;ª\uLt klg l5§} tof/ kfg'{ x'GYof] .
;ª\uLtsf/sf] cltl/St ufos,
gfos, k|zf;s w]/} ljifodf ;kmn lzjz+s/sf] cefj g]kfnLnfO{ ;w}F ;w}F v6\ls/xg] 5
.
;ª\uLtsf/ >L lzjz+s/ dfgGw/ – dg
5'g] JolQmTj
– s]zj/fh /fhe08f/L
k"j{
k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm÷uLtsf/
sf7df8f}“ l:yt kfsf]–Go'/f]8sf]
Ps ;fwf/0f t/ ;fª\uLlts ljwfsf wgL kl/jf/df hGdg' ePsf lzjz+s/ dfgGw/n]
afNofj:yfb]lv g} ehgd08ndf k|j]z u/L ehg ufog / jfBjfbgdf nfluk/L ;fª\uLlts
hLjgsf] >Lu0f]z ug'{ePsf] s'/f Pslbg pxfFn] cfkm\gf] hLjgofqfaf/] ;'gfpg]
;Gbe{df pxfFsf] d'vf/ljGbaf6 ;'g]sf] lyPF . ;fdfGo
cfly{s cj:yfsf sf/0f w]/} kl/>dsf] cg'ej ub}{ hLjgdf w]/} ptf/r9fj
ef]Ug'k¥of] . sfnfGt/df pxfFsf] :j/dfw'o{tfsf] k|z+;f km}lng yfNof] / o:t}df
/]l8of] g]kfndf snfsf/sf] ¿kdf hflu/] hLjg k|f/De ug]{ df}sf kfO{ To;}af6
g]kfnsf] ;zQm, nf]slk|o ;ª\uLtsf/ tyf ufossf] x}l;otn] :yflkt x'g ;kmn
x'g'eof], ;fy} klxnf] g]kfnL rnlrq ‘cfdf’ df
;kmn e"ldsf lgjf{x u/L g]kfnL rnlrqsf] k|yd gfos x'g'eof] . o; k|sf/ g]kfnL ;dfhdf lzjz+s/ dfgGw/ Ps s'zn, OdfGbf/ snfsf/sf]
:yfgdf k|lt:yflkt x'g'eof] .
nf]slk|o ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjbfOsf]
;ª\uLtdf d}n] cfkm\g} /rgfdf Pp6f ehg ufpg] df}sf kfPF . pxfFsf] hLjgsf]
pQ/fw{df zf/Ll/s c:j:ytf em]Ng ljjz e};s]sf] cj:yfdf klg d]/f] cfu|xnfO{ 6fg{
g;sL s]zj–;'idf ehg 1fg u'7Laf6 pTkflbt ‘g]kfn cfdf’ gfds
/fli6«o uLtsf] PNjd l;l8df d]/f] /rgfdf ‘df6f] b]vfO{ afh] eGy] hf]ufO{ b]5' wg
===’ eGg]] /fli6«o uLtdf pxfFn] cfkm\gf] sfnhoL :j/ lbg'ePsf]
lyof] . o;f] eGbf xfdLnfO{ uf}/j nfU5 ls Tof] uLt g} pxfFsf] unfaf6 lg:sL /]s8{
ePsf] lzjbfOsf] clGtd uLt x'g k'u]sf] 5 . o; k|sf/ pQm
/fli6«o uLt P]ltxfl;s aGg k'u]sf] 5 .
s]zj–;'idf ehg 1fg u'7Lsf]
jflif{s pT;jsf] cj;/df ehgsf pTs[i6 ufos, uflosfnfO{ dxfzlQm ;Ddfg,
;ª\uLtsf/nfO{ dxfb]j ;Ddfg k|bfg ul/g] ul/G5 . @)%* ;fndf ;jf]{Ts[i6 ehg
;ª\uLtsf/sf] dxfb]j ;Ddfgaf6 pxfF lzjz+s/ dfgGw/nfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ ;'cj;/
s]zj–;'idf ehg 1fg u'7LnfO{ k|fKt ePsf]df ;f] u'7L uf}/jflGjt ePsf] 5 . ;fy;fy}
pxfFaf6 @)%( ;fndf ;f]xL u'7Laf6 pTkflbt ehg PNjd / l;l8 klg /fi6«slj dfwjk|;fb
l3ld/] / pxfFaf6 ;+o'Qm ¿kdf ljdf]rg sfo{ ePsf] lyof] .
g]kfnsf] ;fª\uLlts If]qsf]
ljsf;df ljz]if of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] ;|i6fx¿dWo] Ps dxŒjk"0f{ JolQmsf] ¿kdf
pxfFnfO{ ljleGg ;ª\3 ;+:yf / ;/sf/L :t/af6 klg ;Ddfg k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . hg:t/af6
;d]t ;Ddflgt lzjbfOnfO{ uLt ;ª\uLt If]qsf] Ps cu|0fL tf/fsf] ¿kdf lnOg] ul/Psf]
5 .
nf]sufos gf/fo0fuf]kfnsf]
;Ddfgdf hg:t/af6 gf/fo0fuf]kfn rf]s lgdf{0f u/L pxfFsf] k|ltdf :yfkgf u/L
ljz]if JolQmTjsf] ¿kdf :yflkt ul/Pem} snfsf/ lzjz+s/ dfgGw/sf] of]ubfgsf]
ljz]if d"Nofª\sg :j¿kdf pxfFsf] k|ltdf :yfkgf ug]{ / pxfFsf] gfddf ;/sf/L
:t/af6 Pp6f sf]if v8f u/L pTs[i6 ;ª\uLtsf/nfO{ ;Ddflgt ug]{ k/Dk/f :yfkgf
jt{dfg ;/sf/af6 x'g;s]df o; If]qsf] pTyfgsf] nflu ljz]if yk k|of; ePsf] 7xl/g]
5 / o;af6 b]zn] of]Uo / OdfGbf/ ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ dfgGw/sf] sb/ u/]sf] 7xl/g] 5
.
lzjz+s/sf] kl/jf/sf] tkm{af6
pxfFsf] ;Demgfdf k|sfzg x'gnfu]sf] ‘:d[lt u|Gy’ sf]
k|z+;fsf ;fy ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5' / cGtdf lzjbfOsf] ;fª\uLlts
of]ubfgsf] ljz]if sb/ ub}{ k'gM pxfFsf] rL/ :d/0f ug{ rfxG5' .
;+:yfks tyf cWoIf,
s]zj–;'idf ehg 1fg u'7L
tfxfrn, sf7df8f}“
;a}eGbf 7"nf] zq' t /f]u kf]
/x]5
–s[i0fxl/
a/fn
‘/f]u’ dfG5]n] ef]Ug' t k/} hfcf];\ ;'Gg klg grfxg] zAb
xf] . dgf]/f]u nfu]sf jf :jkL8s u|lGysf afx]s ;+;f/sf sf]xL klg dflg; /f]uL
eOof];\ eGg]] rfxgf ub}{gg\ lsgeg] k"jL{o ldyssf s]xL ;Gbe{nfO{ k}rf]
lnPFeGbf of] ;an jf b'a{n od/fhsf] b"t xf], hf] z/L/nfO{ hLj tŒj;Fu 5'6fpg
cu|;/ eO /xG5 . b'a{n odb"t Tof] xf], hf] JolQmnfO{ d[To'sf] d'vdf k'¥ofpg
;Sb}g, b'Mvdfq lbG5 / ;an odb"t rflxF Tof] xf], hf] d[To' jf clGtd ;Todf k'¥ofP/}
5f8\5 . cfw'lgs ;Gbe{df eGbfrflxF z/L/n] c;fdfGo sfo{ ug'{, cf/fdsf] cg'ej
gx'g' tyf zf/Ll/s agfj6 jf z/L/sf] sfo{df c;fdfGo l:ylt pTkGg x'g' /f]u xf] .
/f]u nfUbf z/L/sf] sfo{df c;fdfGo l:ylt pTkGg x'G5 / sltko ;Gbe{df t z/L/sf
sltko cª\ux¿sf] sfo{ g} aGb klg x'G5 . o;af6 s] :ki6 x'G5 eg] /f]u kL8f tyf
b'Mvsf] sf/0f klg pTkGg x'G5 eg] afx\o sf/0fn] klg pTkGg klg dfg]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿
eG5g\ – æltdL :jo+ c1fgtfsf sf/0f /f]unfO{ /Rg] u5f}{ .Æ Jofks cy{df rflxF
/f]un] v/fa cfr/0f, cflgafgLnfO{ klg a'emfpg] u5{ . elgG5 lg æo; dfG5]df
csf{nfO{ x]Kg] /f]usf] yfngL slxn]b]lv eof] <Æ d}n] oxfF /f]usf] Jofks
cy{nfO{ k|:t't ug{ vf]h]sf] x}g .
d[To';Fu 8/fpg] dfG5]
/f]u;Fu y/y/ x'G5 / ;f]Rg yfN5 – dl/g] kf] xf] ls < dfG5]df d[To'sf] eo lsg
x'G5 < k|mflG;; a]sgn] ‘ckm 8]y’ eGg] lgaGwdf n]v]sf 5g\
–
aRrfx¿ cFWof/fdf hfg 8/fPh:t} dfG5]x¿ d[To';Fu 8/fpF5g\ .
aRrfx¿df cFWof/f]l;tsf] k|fs[lts eo syf tyf ldys ;'g]kl5 a9\5, To:t} dfG5]df
klg d[To'sf] eo To;/L g} a9\g] u5{ . pgn] of] klg n]v]sf /x]5g\ –
ædg'{
k|s[lt xf] eg] hGdg' klg k|s[lt g} xf] . ;DejtM aRrfnfO{ hGd / d[To' plQs}
kL8fbfos x'g;S5 . dxTjk"0f{ tyf ;fy{s vf]hdf nfu]sf] dfG5]nfO{ d[To'sf]
kL8f yfxf x'Fb}g .{{
d}n] oxfF
Pp6f crDdsf] ;+of]u b]v]F . j}B zf:qn] z/L/sf] ;fdfGo cj:yfnfO{ ‘k|s[lt’ dfg]
klg ;+:s[tsf dxfslj sfnLbf;n] eg] æd/0f k|s[ltM z/L/L0ffdÆ eg]/ d[To'nfO{
k|s[lt dfg]sf /x]5g\ . a]sgsf] ‘dg'{ k|s[lt xf]’ eGg]
egfO{ sfnLbf;;Fu 7\ofSs} ldN5 . s:tf] ;+of]u – s:tf]
cfBlaDa jf cfls{6fOk .
d[To' clgjfo{ ePsfn] zfob
‘k|s[lt’ elgPsf] xf]nf / o; ;TonfO{ a'‰g]x¿ d[To';Fu
8/fpFb}gg\ xf]nf . bfz{lgsx¿ eG5g\ – dfofdf]xdf ljho
k|fKt u/]kl5 d[To'sf] eo x'Fb}g . a'4nfO{ s]sf] d[To'sf] eo < a¿ o;sf] pN6f]
dfofdfof eg]/ lxl/Ss x'g]x¿ ;lhn} d[To'sf] d'vdf k'Ub5g\ . s}of}F c;kmn
k|]dLk|]ldsfx¿sf] cfTdxTof u/]sf] b]v]sf 5f}F eg] bz/y /fhfn] /fd;Fusf] ljof]u
vKg g;sL d[To'j/0f u/]sf] Oltxf; xfdLn] k9]sf 5f}F . /f]u, d[To' / eosf s'/f
ubf{ d clxn] klg emnemnL k|l;4 ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ -dfgGw/_ sf] cg'xf/ ;DemG5' /
d]/f] cfFvfdf To; lbgsf] 36gf 3'Db} 3'Db} ctLtlt/ kmls{P/ cfOk'U5 . d}n] Ps lbg
lzjz+s/ bfO SofG;/sf] la/fdLn] ynf k/]sf] va/ ;'g]F / e]6\gsf nflu pxfFsf]
lgjf;df uPF . d e]6\g k'u]sf] va/ pxfFs} 5f]/fn] lbPkl5 xf8 / 5fnfn] dfq
wfg]h:tf] b]lvg] hL0f{ z/L/ prfNb} / :nfOg r9fpFbf tNof{ªt'n'{ª em'l08Psf
kfOx¿nfO{ ;DxfNb} pxfF ;lsg;sL p7]/ a:g'eof] / klxn] g} yfxf geO{ j]6 Hofb}
36]kl5 dfq /f]u nfu]sf] yfxf kfPsf] / pkrf/sf nflu aDaO{;Dd k'u]/ cfPsf] syf
;'gfpg nfUg'eof] . d eg] ‘cfdf’ rnlrqdf b]v]sf]
gfos lzjz+s/ / /f]uaf6 ylnPsf lzjz+s/sf b"/L gfKg yfn]5' . o; qmddf @)##
;fndf /]l8of] g]kfndf e]6]b]lvsf :d/0fx¿ klg dgel/ rnfodfg eP . d]/} /rgfsf]
d]/f] ;fg' cfsfz d]/f] ;fg" wtL{ ;a} z"Go z"Go lsg b]lvFb}gÆ
b]lv ædw'df;df ltdL 5\of}, of] ;'jf;df ltdL 5\of}Æ / ætGg]/L d cfkm\gf] b]z
lnG5' cfkm\g} lhDdfÆ uLtx¿ /]s8{ x'Fbf /]l8of] g]kfnsf] :6'l8of] ejgdf
jfBjfbsx¿nfO{ km"tL{;fy pxfFn] lbO/x]sf] lgb]{zg ;Demg k'u]F . /]l8of]
g]kfnsf] ;ª\uLtzfvfnfO{ g} ul/df k|bfg ub}{ a;]sf sxfF To;a]nfsf km"lt{nf
lzjz+s/ / sxfF cfhsf cfZro{ nfUg' :jfefljs} lyof] . s:tf]
lj8Dagf ¤ xfdL au]/ uO;s]sf] / aUb} u/]sf] kfgLdf km/s 5'6\ofpg ;Sbf /x]g 5f}F
. vf]nf] pxL eP klg kfgL abln/xG5 – dfG5] pxL eP klg
z/L/h:t} .
y'k|} ;ª\uLt g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf]
e08f/df ;'lDk;s] klg / y'k|} uLtx¿nfO{ cfkm\g} :j/nx/Ln] ;hfO;s] klg dgel/
;f+uLlts efjgf ;d]l6/x]h:t} b]lvg] lzjz+s/sf] lrGtf a/flng nfu]sf] g]kfnL
;ª\uLtn] km]l/ slxn] ;xL dfu{ kqm]nf eGg] lyof] / rfF8} g} /fd|f uLtx¿n]
;+rf/sf ;fwgx¿df :yfg kfpg] 5g\ eGg] s'/fdf klg pxfF ljZj:t x'g'x'GYof] . ‰jf§
x]bf{ d[To'sf] eon] gtl;{Ph:t} b]lvg] lzjz+s/n] s'/fsfgLs} qmddf To;a]nfsf]
cfkm\gf] cg'ej ;'gfpFb} eGg'eof] – ædfG5]sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] zq' t /f]u kf]
/x]5 .Æ geGb} To; 7"nf] zq'n] lzjz+s/sf] ef}lts z/L/nfO{ ;w}F–;w}Fsf nflu
xfdLaf6 vf];]/ nUof] t/ pxfFn] lbg'ePsf] ;ª\uLt / :j/sf ;fd' eg] Tof] eofgs zq'
klg xf/ vfO/x]sf] 5 / dflg;sf] cd/tfsf ;fd' lz/ em'sfO/x]sf] 5 . xfdL rflxF :j/
tyf ;ª\uLtsf] nx/Ldf pxfFnfO{ ¿kfGtl/t u/L pxfFsf] ef}lts pkl:yltsf] cefjnfO{
k"/f ul//x]sf 5f}F / pxfFs} ;ª\uLtdf pxfFnfO{ ;DeFmb} ufO/x]sf 5f}F –
ædw'df;df ltdL 5f}, of] ;'jf;df ltdL 5f}
x/ lbgdf, x/ /ftdf, x/ ;f;df ltdL 5f} .Æ
b}j1/fh Gof}kfg]
;flxTosf/
lzjz+s/ b]zsf
s'zn, of]Uo / l;h{gzLn, ;ª\uLtsf/sf] ¿kdf d}n] kfPsf] 5' . :jefjdf klg cToGt
g/d, ;a};Fu ldNg] cefjsf] a]nf gfltsfhL / lzjz+s/n] h'g ;fª\uLlts of]ubfg lbPsf
5g\ Tof] Hofb} dxŒjk"0f{ clg dggLo /x]sf] 5 . pgsf af/]df
hg' u|Gy k|sflzt x'g nfu]sf] 5 Tof] hxfF / h:tf] eP klg k|z+;gLo sfd xf] .
;dfhsf ;|i6f – l;h{gfsf/x¿sfaf/] o;k|sf/sf] clen]vg x'g' ;ª\uLtsf/ – ufos –
cleg]tf h:tf k|ltefsf] ;Ddfg x'g' kb{5 . d]/f s}of}“ uLtdf lzjz+s/n] ;ª\uLt
e/]/ hLjGt agfO{ lbPsf 5g\ . pgsf] l;h{gzLn u'0fsf] l/g lt/]/ ;lsFb}g . pgL geP
klg pgsf l;h{gfx¿ 5g\ . tL l;h{gfx¿af6 pgL /lx/xg]5g\ . xfdL lj;{g] 5}gf}“ .
;flxTo sfo{qmd / ;ª\uLt
– 8f= a]~h' zdf{
;flxTosf/ ÷
cWoIf -g]kfn 6]lnlehg_
lzjz+s/hL;Fu
d]/f] e]6 slxn], sxfF / s;/L eof] eGg] s'/f clxn] dnfO{ ofb 5}g . t/ ha d}n]
/]l8of] g]kfnaf6 ;j{k|yd ;flxTo sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfngsf] yfngL u/]F ta pxfFn] To;
;flxTo sfo{qmdsf] zLif{ ;ª\uLt -l;Ug]r/ 6\o'g_ sDkf]h ul/lbg'eof] / d}n] #)
;fnb]lv #$ ;fn;Dd lg/Gt/ ;flxlTos sfo{qmd ;~rfng klg u/]F .
To; ;dodf
k|foM ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/hL;Fu e]6 eO g} /xGYof] . d}n] Tof] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{
5f]8]kl5 klg /]l8of] g]kfnsf] ;flxTo sfo{qmdaf6 Tof] w'g -zLif{ ;ª\uLt_
alh/xGYof] . pxfFn] a'jf -eLdlglw ltjf/L_ sf uLt–uhnx¿ klg ufpg'ePsf] 5 hf]
slxn]sfxLF aHg] u5{ . tL /]s8{ ePsf uhnx¿ d;Fu klg s]xL 5g\ . s'zn ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ JolStut¿kdf ldng;f/ x'g'x'GYof] .
ha d}n] ;flxTo sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ug{ 5f]8]F ta d]/f] /]l8of]tkm{ cfp–hfp g} aGb eof] . To;kl5
pxfF;Fu e]63f6 x'g ;s]g . tyflk, pxfFsf] of]ubfg
cljZd/0fLo /x]sf] 5 .
r]tg sfsL{
rnlrq
lgb]{zs÷uLtsf/
g]kfnL ;'ud ;ª\uLtsf]
ljsf;qmddf d lzjz+s/ dfgGw/nfO{ x]g{ rfxG5' . /]l8of] g]kfnsf] :yfkgf ePkl5
aLraLrdf sltko s'/fx¿ s] cfP eg]b]lv ToxfF gª\u|f uf8]sfn] rflxF aflx/sf
snfsf/x¿nfO{ k:g lbGg\ eGg] s'/frfxLF af/Daf/ gcfPsf] xf]Og . To;df gfltsfhL–lzjz+s/sf] gfd a]nfa]nfdf gprfn]sf xf]Ogg\ .
t g]kfnL ;'ud ;ª\uLtsf]
ljsf;qmddf lzjz+s/–gftLsfhLsf] gfd xfdLn] Oltxf;af6 d]6fpg vf]Hof}F eg]
Tof]eGbf 7"nf] w[i6tf / b'ik|of; s]xL klg x'Fb}g . lzjz+s/ dfgGw/n] g]kfnL
;'ud ;ª\uLtsf] ljsf;df ct'ngLo of]ubfg lbg' efsf] 5 eGgdf cTo'lt x'Fb}g .
pxfFsf] ;ª\uLtsf] 1fg /
bIftfeGbf klg ;ª\uLtk|ltsf] pxfFsf] ¿emfg, cfzlQm, ;dk0f{ ;fy} ;ª\uLtk|ltsf]
cg'/Qmtf h'g 5 Tof] ;aeGbf 7"nf] s'/f xf] . pxfFn] cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{
hLjg g} ;ª\uLtsf nflu ;dk{0f ug'{ePsf] Pp6f ;fws x'g\ . ;+of]un] pxfFnfO{
g]kfnL rnlrq ljwfsf] klxnf] gfos agfof] of] klg slxNo} d]6fP/ gd]l6g] eof] .
g]kfnsf] klxnf] lgb]{zs jf lgdf{tf -rnlrq_ eGg] ljjfb x'g ;Snf t/ g]kfnL
e"lddf ag]sf], klxnf] g]kfnL rnlrqsf], klxnf] gfossf] ¿kdf lzjz+s/
dfgGw/sf] h'g ;+nUgtf 5, Tof] Oltxf;af6 d]6fpg vf]h]/ gd]l6g] ePsf] 5 . /, Pp6f
JolQmsf] x}l;otn] klg lzjz+s/hL;Fu 3lgi6tf gePtfklg
hlxn]–hlxn] e]6 eof] . /Tg /]sl8{ª ;+:yfgsf] dxfk|jGws x'Fbf xf];\ cyjf /]l8of]
g]kfnsf] Pp6f ;ª\uLt ;h{ssf x}l;otn] xf];\ jf aflx/ s'g} sfo{qmd x'Fbf xf];\
pxfF ;fx}| dL7f] dfG5], gd| / d[b' Jojxf/ ePsf ;ª\uLtk|lt ;dlk{t ;|i6f x'g\ .
g]kfnL ;'ud ;ª\uLtdf pxfFsf] gfd ;'gf}nf] cIf/n] n]lvg'k5{ h:tf] nfU5 dnfO{ .
b'uf{nfn >]i7
;flxTosf/
;fob rf/ bzs cl3 xf]nf xfdLn]
Pp6f lnR5jLsfnLg syfdf cfwfl/t ck]/f ‘;f]rgu'’ -tLg
tf/f_ sf7df8f}Fdf d~rg u/]sf lyof}F . To;sf] zLif{
;ª\uLt lzjz+s/n] u/]sf lyP . To;} a]nfb]lv xfd|f]
l;h{gfdf ;DaGw la:tf/ pgL;Fu ePsf] lyof] .
pgn] ;fx|}
d]xgtsf ;fy Tof] sfl:6ª Do'lhs tof/ ul/lbPsf lbP . To; ck]/fsf] g[To lgb]{zs eLdaxfb'/ u'?ª lyP . To;a]nfb]lvsf]
xfd|f] ldqtf kl5;Dd lg/Gt/ /lx/x\of] .
hxfF;Dd g]kfnL jf g]jf/L uLt–;ª\uLtsf]
s'/f 5, lzjz+s/ gfltsfhL, u0f]zk|;fb >]i7 cflb ;ª\uLtsdL{x¿sf] of]ubfgnfO{
cjd"Nog ug{ ldNb}g ef}lts gZjz/L/ t df6f]df ldN5 g} t/ s[lt / of]ubfgx¿
/lx/xG5 . ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/sf] of]ubfg ;ª\uLt s[lt jf clego g]kfn snf
hut\sf] Oltxf;af6 slxNo} gfd]6 x'g] 5}g . tL snfsf/x¿nfO{
xfdL To;/L g} :d/0f ul//xg] 5f}F .
8f= /fddfg t[lift
uLtsf/
;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/;Fu d]/f] kl/ro ha d /]l8of]
g]kfndf hfg yfn]“ To;}a]nfb]lv ePsf] xf] . ;fbo of]
@)!# ;fnlt/ xf]nf . To;}a]nf d]/f] uLt tf/fb]jLsf]
:j/df e}/jaxfb'/ yfkfsf] ;ª\uLtdf k|:t't ePsf] lyof] . To;a]nfb]lvg}
d /]l8of] g]kfn hfg yfn]sf] x'“ . ;fob ToxL qmddf
lzjbfO;Fu d]/f] kl/ro / ;fª\uLlts ;xofqf ;'? eof] .
x'g t lzjz+s/bfOsf] sfnhoL
;ª\uLt dWo]sf] ‘dfG5]sf] dfof oxfF vf]nfsf] kfgL h:tf]’ klg
kb{5 . h;nfO{ gf/fo0f uf]kfn / 1fg' /f0ffn] ufPsf 5g\ . d}n]
/rgf u/]sf uLtx¿ pxfFsf ;ª\uLtdf ;j{lk|o eP/ hd]sf 5g\ . lzjbfO Do"lhs
8fO/]S6/ dfq geP/ s'zn P/]Gh/ tyf jfbs -Do'lhl;og_ klg xf] eGg]] dnfO{ nfUb5 .
d]/f uLtx¿ ;fª\uLlts Gofo kfpg'df pxfFsf] k|d'v l;h{gfTds e"ldsf /x]sf] 5
eGg] g} xf] .
pxfF o:tf] JolQm xf] hlxn] klg
gofF lsl;dsf] ;ª\uLt agfpg' k5{ eGg]] ;f]r /fVg] JolQmx¿ dWo]sf] klg Ps . s;/L gofFkg lbg ;lsG5 eGg]] ljrf/ pxfFdf d}n] b]v]s} x'“ . ;fy} gofFz}nLsf zAbx¿ pxfF n]Vg k|]l/t ug'{x'GYof] . To;s}
k|ltkmn ‘Ps km"n em/]/ s] ef] <’,
‘ltd|f] klg dfof nfU5’ cflb uLtx¿ lgdf{0f ubf{ t
k|efljt lyP g} . t/ uLt–;ª\uLtsf >f]tfx¿ klg k|efljt lyP eGg]] dnfO{ nfUb5 .
;fx|} d]xgt ul//xg] / ufos–uflosf / uLtsf/;Fu klg ;Nnfx ul//xg] JolQm xf] pxfF
. ;/n / g/d JolQm ;a}sf] ;'emfj / ;NnfxnfO{ ;lhn} u|x0f ug]{ g]kfnL ;ª\uLt
If]qsf xf]gxf/ JolQmsf] cj;fgn] of] If]qn] 7"n} xfgL Joxf]g'{sf ;fy} cefj
dx;'; u/]sf] b]lvG5 . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLt If]qnfO{
7"nf] of]ubfg lbP/ hfg' x'g] ;ª\uLt sf/ lzjz+s/ o; If]qdf cd/ x'g'x'G5 .
Pp6f uLtn] k|l;l4 kfpg'df clg /fd|f] x'g'df ;ª\uLtsf/sf] cxd\ e"ldsf
/xG5 . Tof] e"ldsf slxNo} klg / s'g} klg uLtdf ;ª\uLtsf/
lzjz+s/n] sd u/]h:tf] nfUb}g .
ljho rfln;]
;flxTosf/÷kqsf/
@)^#.%.@
lzjz+s/ — d]/f] dfg;df
plxNo}b]lv ljwdfg ;ª\uLtsf] kof{o, pxf“sf ;'dw'/ nflnTok"0f{ ;ª\uLt l;h{gf
/ :j/nx/Laf6 ;w}+ k|]l/t—k|efljt d, jf:tjdf ;ª\uLtsf] >f]tf dfq x'“ kf/vL
xf]Og . To;y{ vf;} pxf“sf af/]df eGg g;s] klg lzjz+s/sf ;ª\uLt d]/f nflu ;w}+
lk|o /lxcfPsf 5g\, of] d]/f] ;f}efUo klg xf] .
lzjzª\/ – Ps glal;{g] JolQmTj
–eLd v/]n
;flxTosf/
e"uf]ndf hlt dfG5]x¿ hGdG5g\ ltgLx¿dWo] yf]/}
dfG5]x¿n] dfq b]z, ;dfh, hflt / /fi6«df nfdf] ;do;Dd cfkm"nfO{ pEofpg ;Sg]
7fpF agfpg ;kmn ePsf x'G5g\ . / JolQm, ;dfh / /fi6«sf
cfbz{ eP/ pe]sf x'G5g\ . oxL cfbz{ dWo]sf Ps cfbz{
JolQmTj x'g\ – snfsf/ lzjz+s/.
g]kfnL uLt ;ª\uLtsf] Oltxf;df
axfb'/l;+x a/fn, ldq;]g, /Tgbfz k|sfz, gfltsfhL / lzjz+s/ dfgGw/sf] gfd
lemsLlbg] xf] eg] g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtsf] k|f/De, dWo] / pTsif{ tLg}r/0f nueu
;"Go x'G5 . g]kfnL ;ª\uLtdf o; cj:yfsf]
e"ldsf v]Ng] JolQmTj dWo]sf lzjzª\s/ clxn] xfdLdfem x'g'x'Gg . tyflk,
pxfFn] g]kfnL ;ª\uLt hutdf p7fPsf / 5f8]sf cfu|xx¿
sfnhoL / hLjGt ¿kdf pe]sf 5g\ . pxfFnfO{ g]kfnL ;ª\uLt hutn] ;Demg] cfwf/x¿df
;ª\uLt l;h{gfsf w/ftnx¿, ufogsf ljljw kIfx¿ / jfbgsnfsf cg]sg kIfx¿ clxn] klg
g]kfnL hgdfg;df k|efljt 5g\ / vf;u/]/ ;ª\uLtsf If]qdf cfsif{0fsf ¿kdf p7]sf 5g\
/ cgGt;Dd pxfFnfO{ ;Demg] cfwf/sf ¿kdf pe]sf 5g\ .
d"ntM
lzjz+s/ cfw'lgs g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf kof{o g} x'g\ . nueu /]l8of] g]kfnsf]
:yfkgfsfnb]lv @)^) sf] bzs;Dd cfOk'Ubf pxfFn] g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf cg]sg cK7\of/f /
r'gf}ltx¿nfO{ k/f:t ug]{ cys k|of; ug'{ g} eof] . tTsfnLg cj:yfsf] ef/tLo
uLt–;ª\uLtsf] k|efjnfO{ lrb}{ :jTjk"0f{ / ;fj{ef}d g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtsf]
hu]gf{sf cleofgdf pxfFn] k'¥ofPsf ;du| of]ubfgx¿nfO{ xfdLn] la;{g' x'Fb}g .
/]l8of] g]kfnsf] :yfkgf;Fu} h;f] :yflkt >L /Tg /]sl8{ª ;+:yfgsf] :yfkgf /
p;n] cfu|x u/]sf cleofgdf lzj z+s/n] v]n]sf] e"ldsfx¿ :t'To / :d/0fLo
/x]sf 5g\ eg] To;}sf xf/fxf/Lsf ;dodf g]kfnL l;g]dfsf] p7fgsf lglDt klg pxfFsf]
of]ubfg cg's/0fLo g} /x]sf] 7fGg' k5{ .
eG5g\
;do anjfg x'G5 . xfdLn] x]bf{ x]b}{ lzjz+s/sf w]/}
;dsfnLgx¿nfO{ ;don] k/flht u/]sf] 5 . slt p7\bf p7\b} aLr}df ;do;Fu k/flht ePsf
5g\ eg] sltn] ;dosf ultnfO{ 5fDg} ;s]sf 5}gg\ . t/ d}n]
cg'ej u/]sf] 5' lzjz+s/ cfkm\gf] sd{sf If]qdf ;do;Fu slxNo} k/flht x'g'ePg .
;don] g]kfnLsf b'Mv ;'vsf syfx¿nfO{ dL7f] :j/df pRrf/0f ub}{ g]kfnLsf dgleq;Dd
k'Ug]u/L ufpg] cfu|x u¥of] – lzjz+s/n] cf]hk"0f{ / uf}/jzfnL :j/df
g]kfnLnfO{ Ao"Femfpg] uLt ufpg' eof] . / oxL dfu{af6
pxfF cfh g]kfnLsf cf:yf eP/, g]kfnLsf dg lht]/ w]/}sf dgdf a:g' ePsf] 5 .
otf lzjz+s/ Joj:yfkgsf If]qdf klg Tolts} ;kmn / eb| Jojxf/ / :jefjsf
JolQmTj x'g'x'GYof] . sl/j rf/ jif{;Dd d pxfFsf] glhs /x]/ /Tg /]sl8{ª ;+:yfgdf
a;]+ . pxfFsf] s'zn / ;/n JolQmTjsf sf/0f /Tg /]sl8{ª ;+:yfgn] y'k|} km8\sfx¿
df/]sf] lyof] . o; cy{df uLt ;ª\uLtsf] /]sl8{ª sfo{ ug]{b]lv xf];\ jf gofF
k':tfsf snfsf/x¿nfO{ pT;flxt ug]{ sfo{df xf];\ jf g]kfnL nf]suLtnfO{ hu]gf{
ug]{ sfo{df xf];\ pxfFn] v]Ng' ePsf e"ldsfx¿nfO{ clxn] xfdLx¿n] cfbz{ /
:d/0fLo kf6fsf ¿kdf lng' kb{5 . d"ntM lzjz+s/ u|x0fzLn :jefjsf wgL JolQmTj
x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFn] slxNo} klg cGoyf af]n]sf] s'/fsf] cg'ej ddf /x]g eg] ceb|
Jojxf/ / c;xh s'/fsf] p7fg u/]sf] cg'ej klg ddf /x]g . a¿ pxfFsf] ;ª\uLtn]
afFlwPsf] d]/f] ‘Pp6f /x/ lyof] ltd|f] ;fy /Dg]’ uLt
gf/fo0f uf]kfnsf] :j/df /]s8{ ug]{ wf]sf] eg] k"/f x'g ;s]g .
;du|df g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtsf cu|h
lzjz+s/ dfgGw/n] cfkm\gf] If]qdf nufpg' ePsf u'gx¿nfO{ otf /fhgLlt xfjL ePsf
a]nfdf lal;{g] 8/ gePsf] klg xf]Og . o:tf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf ljZjdf o:tf
cg's/0fLo JolQmTjx¿ cf]em]ndf gk/]sf klg xf]Ogg\ . tfnLjfgLx¿sf] k|efj oyfsbf
xfdLsxfF gb]lvPsf] klg xf]Og . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf]
;flns eTsfpg]x¿ k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] g} lgdf{0f u/]sf] b]zdf g/x]sf klg xf]Ogg\ .
o:tf unt ;+:sf/ / k|j[lQx¿af6 a]n}df d'Qm x'g ;s]gf}F eg] xfd|f ;Gtltx¿n]
xfdLx¿nfO{ cfbz{sf ¿kdf ;Demg]eGbf a9L lwSsfg]{ 5g\ / ¿vsf xfFufdf 6]s]/ ¿vs}
km]b sf6\g] k|j[lt af]s]sf cu|hsf ¿kdf a9L ;Demg] 5g\ . o;}n] klg clxn]
xfdLx¿n] xfd|f cfbz{x¿nfO{ ;Demb} a9L ;+od, a9L cfbz{ / a9L a:t'jfbL eP/ pleFbf
g} xfd|f cfkm\gfkgx¿sf] a9L /Iff x'g ;S5 eGg]] s'/fdf ljdlt /fVg' x'Fb}g . a¿
clxn]sf xfdLx¿df xfd|f k'vf{sf cfbz{x¿nfO{ p7fpFb} gofF lgdf{0f / gofF
cfbz{nfO{ pEofpg] tfst 5 eGg]] cfu|xdf cu|;/ /x\of}FhLt eg] g} xfdL cfbz{
nIotkm{ pb\jf]lbt ePsf 7flgg]5f}“ . /, efjL ;Gtltsf
lglDt cfbz{ eP/ pleg ;Sg]5f}“ .
cljgfz >]i7
;flxTosf/
;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/nfO{ rf/–kfFr
k6s e]6\g] / s'/fsfgL ug]{ cj;/ d}n] kfPsf] lyPF . ;fx|}
sd af]n]/ sfd rnfpg] cGt/d'vL :jefjsf JolQm x'g'x'GYof] pxfF . dnfO{ To:t} nfu]sf] lyof] . pxfF d[b'efifL, ;Hhg / c¿sf
ljrf/–efjgfnfO{ sb/ ug{ hfGg] JolQm x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFsf] JolQmTj dnfO{ hlt
;Gt'lnt / zfGt nfUbYof] – pxfFn] ;ª\uLta4 u/]sf uLtx¿ To:t} / Tolt g} lrQfsif{s
– dgdf]xs nfUb5g\ dnfO{ cfh klg . lzjz+s/ JolQm c;n ls pxfFsf] ;ª\uLt < of]
t pxfF;Fu nfdf] ;+ut u/]sf dd{1n] eGg;Sg] s'/f] xf] . dh:tf] k|z+;sn] t slt dfq
eGg ;S5 eg] – lzjz+s/ hlt 7"nf ;ª\uLtsf/ x'g'x'GYof] Toltg} c;n dflg; klg
x'g'x'GYof] pxfF . lzjz+s/sf] cefj g]kfnL
;ª\uLtk|]dLx¿n] ca o'uf}“;Dd dx;"; ug]{5g\ .
ef]Uok|;fb zfx
k"j{
lgb]{zs, /]l8of] g]kfn
>L lzjz+s/ dfgGw/ g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] kmfF6df Ps ljlzi6 k|ltef x'g'x'GYof] .
@))& ;fn kmfu'g & ut] kl5sf] k|hftGqf]Q/ g]kfndf k|hftGqs} Ps pknlAwsf]
¿kdf :yflkt /]l8of] g]kfnsf] ;fª\uLlts If]qnfO{ ;';+j[4 Pj+ ultzLn agfpgdf
of]ubfg ug]{ jl/i7 ;ª\uLtsf/x¿ dWo] Ps x'g'x'GYof] . pxfF ;ª\uLtsf]
Ps lqj]0fL x'g'x'GYof] – ufos, ;ª\uLtsf/ / jfbs .
;+of]usf] s'/f xf] @))* ;fn
cfiff9 dlxgfdf pxfF / d b'j}hgf :j/ k/LIff ug]{ dWo] lyof}“ . pxfFsf] :j/ ;'Gg]
lalQs} pkl:yt hfFrsLx¿n] pxfFnfO{ pRrf/0fdf sdL eP tfklg of]Uo ePsf] dGtJo
lbPsf lyP . pxfF / d Ps} ;dolt/ /]l8of] g]kfndf k|j]z
ug]{df lyof}F .
@)!& ;fnkl5 /]l8of] g]kfndf
pGgt /]sl8{ª pks/0fx¿ pknAw ePsf] sf/0f ;fª\uLlts If]qdf ce"tk"j{
k|ult x'gyfNof] . o;} ;Gbe{df ;fª\uLlts k|ltef b]vfpg]x¿df >L lzjz+s/ dfgGw/
klg Ps x'g'x'GYof] . >L d=jL=jL= zfxåf/f /lrt uLtx¿df ld7f;k"0f{ th{
/rgf ug{df pxfFn] ljlzi6tf xfl;n ug'{ePsf] 5 .
;+of]usf] s'/f >L lzjz+s/n]
‘cfdf’ gfds k|yd g]kfnL rnlrqdf gfossf] clego ug]{ cleef/f klg
;kmntfk"j{s lgjf{x ug'{eof] . d]/f cleGg ;fyLx¿ dWo] >L lzjz+s/ dfgGw/
klg x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFn] d]/f / d]/L >LdtLåf/f /lrt uLtx¿nfO{
;'dw'/ th{df kl/0ft u/L cfkm}n] / c¿x¿åf/f ufpgdf of]ubfg ug'{ePsf] 5 .
pxfFsf] c;fdlos lgwgn] g]kfnsf]
;fª\uLlts kmfF6df ;kmntf k"j{s of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] jl/i7 Pj+ cu|h
;ª\uLtsf/x¿sf] k+lQm ;dfKt k|foM ePsf] 5 .
lzjbfOnfO{ ;DeFmbf
– dx]zk|;fb clwsf/L
k"j{,
gfoj sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs
/]l8of] g]kfndf
d]/f] cg'ejsf qmddf Pp6f clj:d/0fLo gfd xf] – >L lzjz+s/ dfgGw/ . nfdf]
;do;Ddsf] Pp6} ;+:yfsf] ;xjf;n] ;d]t klg x'g'k5{, Ol~hlgol/ªh:tf] ¿vf;'vf
ljwfsf] Pp6f ljBfyL{ d / >[hgzLn ;ª\uLtsf] b'lgofdf /dfpg] pTs[i6 >i6f
lzjbfO aLr o;/L :d/0f ug{ nfossf] ;DaGw /x]sf] . pxfFsf] :jefj / hLjgk|lt
pxfFsf] b[li6sf]0fdf dx;"; u/]sf pxfFsf s]xL ljlzi6 u'0fk|ltsf] cfb/efjn]
;d]t x'g'k5{, pxfFk|ltsf] d]/f] :jfefljs >4f efjnfO{ cem j[l4 ul/lbPsf] .
;ª\uLt >[hgfsf] cfkm\gf]
sfddf pxfF ;w}“ /dfpg] t ug'{ x'GYof] g}, t/ cfkm\gf] sfddf d:t x'Fbf x'Fb} klg
cGo ;xsdL{ tyf dflyNnf txsf xflsdx¿k|lt klg p:t}s} ;b\efj /fVg' x'GYof] –lzjbfO
. ;a}k|lt ;b\efj tyf ;b\Jojxf/ /fv]tfklg cfkm\gf] hfuL/ cl3 a9fpg] jf dflyNnf
txdf k'Ug] p2]Zon] pxfFn] slxNo} klg dflyNnf kbflwsf/L ;dIf c:jfefljs ¿kn]
em'Sg] jf ;ª\uLt >[hgfsf] cfkm\gf] u'0fn] pxfFn] cfh{g ug'{ePsf] k|efjsf]
pkof]u ug'{ ePsf] d}n] kfOg .
d}n] @)@* ;fndf /]l8of] g]kfn k|j]z ubf{
hflu/bf/sf] kf/Dkl/s txut lx;fjn] ddf / pxfFdf 7"nf] lje]b g/x] tfklg
cfkm\gf] If]qdf of]ubfgsf lx;fjn] / cflh{t nf]slk|otfsf lx;fjn] cToGt} cUnf]
sbsf e};s]sf zLjbfOaf6 a8Kkg b]vfOPsf] d}n] slxNo} kfOg . pd]/sf lx;fan] ;d]t
cfkm\gf] t'ngfdf lgs} sfFrf] s]6f]k|lt klg pxfFsf] plQs} ;b\efj /xGYof], hlQsf]
pxfFeGbf dflysf ljefusf jf tfn's dGqfnosf cyjf To;j]nfsf cToGt k|efjzfnL
/fhb/af/ kbflwsf/Lx¿;Fu ÷ #)÷#! ;fnlt/ x/]s jif{ !÷@ k6s /fhb/jf/df cfof]hgf
x'g] ;fª\uLlts ;df/f]xx¿df 5flgPsf snfsf/x¿ k7fpg] k|aGwgsf] sfd /]l8of]
g]kfnsf] lhDdfdf cfpFYof] . :jfefljs ¿kdf lzjbfO o:tf
;fª\uLlts sfo{qmddf gfos dWo]sf Ps x'GYo] . k|fljlws zfvfdf sfd ug]{ d h:tfsf]
lhDd]jf/Ldf slxn]sfxLF To:tf ;df/f]xsf nflu pko'Qm k|fljlws tyf dfOs pks/0fsf]
Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{ kb{Yof] . To;}n] :jfefljs ¿kdf sfo{qmdsf] ef]lnkN6 d]/f] klg
lh1f;f /xg] ub{Yof] . cl3Nnf] ;fFemsf] ;fª\uLlts sfo{qmdsf nflu ul/Psf]
dfOlsªsf] Joj:yfsf] ;';~rfng ;DaGwdf ;'? eP/ . dfOlsª
Joj:yfsf] ljifoaf6 ;'? x'g] o:tf] lh1f;f ;f] ;df/f]xdf
pkl:yt /x]sfx¿af/], tL sfo{qmdsf ;ª\uLt jfx]ssf cGo dfxf}n tyf s'/fsfgLx¿af/]
;d]t s'/fsfgL x'Gy] . t/ lzjbfOaf6 slxNo} klg ‘===dnfO{ o;f] x's'd eof] ===’ jf ‘===o:tf] ;f]lwjS:of] ===’ / ‘===d}n] o;f] eg]F ===’ jf ‘===o:tf] ;'emfj 6qm\ofPF ===’ eGg]] h:tf cleJolQm ;'lgPg . sfo{qmd slt ;kmn
eof], k|d'v cltlyx¿af6 slQsf] ?rLsf ;fy ;ª\uLt >j0f eof], ss;n] s] s:tf uLt
ufP eGg]]h:tf ;fª\uLlts sfo{qmdsf k|fljlws kIfsf afx]s clwsf+ztM d'n'ss}
;jf]{Rr ;+:yfsf] k|d'vsf] ;d]t pkl:yltdf x'g] u/]sf tL sfo{qmdx¿sf] ;Gbe{nfO{
phfu/ u/]/ cfkm\gf] dxQfnfO{ a9fP/ k|:t't ug]{ nfn;f d}n] slxNo} klg lzjbfOdf
kfOg, g t pxfFsf ;xsdL{, plQs} cfb/0fLo gftLbfOdf g} kfP .
lzjbfOsf] ;Demgf ubf{ nueu Ps}
;dob]lv nfdf] ;do;Dd d}n] b]v]b]lvg} Pp6} sf]7fdf Ps;fy sfd u/]/ g]kfnL
;ª\uLtsf] ljsf;df ldlnh'nL ¿kdf plQs} of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' x'g] >L gftLsfhL
>]i7nfO{ ;d]t d k|foM Ps;fy ;Demg] ub{5' . pd]/df ;fob Tolt w]/} cGt/ gePklg
;]jfsf sf/0fn] xf]nf, gftLbfO cfkm\gf] cd/Tj k|flKtsf] s]xL nfd} ;do cl3 b]lvg}
k6s–k6s lj/fdL kl//xg' eof] . ;fy} d}n] dx;";
u/]sf] x'“ . t/ zLjbfOnfO{ eg] To:tf] s'g} /f]u /x]sf]
b]lvFb}gYof] . g]kfnL rnlrqsf k|yd gfos lzjbfO w]/}kl5;dd
klg plQs} cfsif{s tyf hjfg b]lvg'x'GYof] .
lzjbfO klg ;]jfaf6 lgj[Q e}
lgoldt ¿kdf /]l8of] g]kfn gcfpg], tyf d :jo+ klg dGqfno sfdsfh ug]{ u/L vl6O{
Tot}af6 ;]jf lgj[Q ePsfn] lzjbfOsf] hLjgsf clGtd k|x/x¿df d]/f] pxfF;Fu Tolt
w]/} ;xjf; x'g kfPg . o;} l:yltdf klg Pp6f ;df/f]xdf ;fob /]l8of] g]kfns}
k|fª\u0fdf d]/f] pxfF;Fu e]63f6 x'Fbf klg d}n] pxfFdf s'g} /f]usf] To:tf] nIf0f
jf c;/ b]v]sf] lyOg . To;sf] @÷$ dlxgfkl5 6]lnlehgaf6 k|;fl/t tyf pxfF;Fusf]
;fIffTsf/ ;d]t /x]sf] Pp6f sfo{qmdaf6 pxfFnfO{ c;fWo/f]u nfu]sf] yfxf kfpFbf
crDd nfUof] . To;} /f]un] xf]nf pQm sfo{qmddf pxfF
lgSs} b'Anfpg'ePsf] dx;'; u/]“ . To;sf] s]xL ;dokl5 g} ;fob Ps b'O{ jif{sf]
cGt/fnd} lzjbfOn] xfdL ;a}nfO{ 5f]l8lbg' eof] . Pp6f cToGt zfnLg,
;f}Do, ldng;f/ ;ª\uLt >i6fnfO{ g]kfnL ;dfhn] u'dfof] . t/ pxfFsf sfnhoL l;h{gfx¿ xfdL aLr /xL g} /x]sf 5g\ .
pxfF;Fu ;xjf; u/]sfnfO{ tL :d/0fLo ;dosf] ;Demgf lbnfpg'sf ;fy} ;f] ;xjf;sf]
;f}efUo gkfPsf cGo nfvf}“ ;ª\uLtk|]dLnfO{;d]t dg /dfpg] uLtx¿sf] To; ;ª\u|xaf6
cufw cfgGb lbOg} /xg] 5g\ .
nlnhg /fjn
uhnsf/÷;flxTosf/
g]kfnL ;ª\uLtnfO{ g]kfnLkgsf
;fy hgdfg;df :yflkt ug]{ lzv/ ;ª\uLtsf/x¿df lzjz+s/sf] gfd g]kfnL ;fª\uLlts
Oltxf;df :j0fL{d cIf/n] n]lvPsf] 5 . ;/n, ;xh / s0f{lk|o ;ª\uLt l;h{gfåf/f >f]tfsf
cf]+7–cf]+7df a:g ;kmn uLtx¿sf ;|i6f lzjz+s/ pTs[i6 ;ª\uLtsf/ dfq xf]Ogg\ Pp6f
;kmn ufossf ¿kdf klg ;':yflkt 5g\ . gfos, ufos / ;ª\uLtsf/sf ¿kdf cfkm\gf]
ljnIf0f k|ltef b]vfPsf lzjz+s/ ;+ejtM g]kfns} Ps dfq ax'd'vL k|ltefsf wgL
snfsf/ x'g\ eGbf clt;of]lQm gxf]nf . g]kfnL df6f]sf] ;'uGw ;lxtsf ;ª\uLt l;h{gf
ug]{ lzjz+s/ xfd|f] Xbodf ;w}F–;w}“ al;/xg] 5g\ .
kml0fGb| g]kfn
u|]6/ g]kfn cleofg
Pp6f dxfg\ ;ª\uLtsdL{sf] af/]df
;fdfGo l6k0fL ug'{eGbf d}n] gubf{ g} /fd|f] x'GYof] . t/ pxfFh:tf] JolQmTjsf
af/]df eGg} kg]{ cfjZostf klg 5 . h'g s'/fnfO{ xfdL cToGt dfld{s, hLjGt / :t/Lo
eG5f}“ tL u'0fx¿ lzjz+s/sf] ;ª\uLtdf d}n] cg'ej u/]sf] 5' .
pxfFsf] af/]df c¿ ;ª\uLt lj1
ljz]if1x¿n] em} vf; d"Nofª\sg ug]{ g;s] klg pxfFsf ;ª\uLtn] XbonfO{
t/ª\uLt kfg]{, ;Dj]bgzLn agfpg] / /fli6«o efjgf hufpg] s'/fdf dnfO{ ;w}“ k|]l/t
u/]sf] 5 .
;'bz{g
>]i7
lzjz+s/sf] ;fª\uLlts
;do eg]sf] g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] k|;j j]bgfsf] ;do lyof] . g]kfnL
uLt–;ª\uLt ef/t]nL ;ª\uLtsf] k|efjn] ulx/f];Fu h/f uf8]sf] ;do lyof] . tTsfnLg
;dosf] ;ª\uLt;fwssf] kl/ro o; vfn] k|efjb]lv d'Qm eP/ Pp6f leGb} df}lns g]kfnL
;ª\uLtsf] l;h{gf ug{] / o;df v/f] pqg] r'gf}tLx¿ pxfFx¿ ;fd' v8f ePsf lyP . o;
r'gf}tLnfO{ cfTdf;ft ub}{ k"jL{o ;ª\uLt / kfZrfTo ;ª\uLtsf] d"nwf/nfO{
;d]t vnn gkfl/sg g]kfnLkgsf] ;ª\uLt l;h{gf ug'{ eg]sf] rfgr'g s'/f lyPg, o;
s'/fdf v/f] pqg' ePsf] lyof] ;ª\uLt;fws – lzjz+s/ dfgGw/ .
g]kfndf uLt /]s8{ ug]{
:6'l8of]sf] cefjdf ef/tsf] s]Gb|Lo ;x/df uP/ k|foMh;f] ef/tLo jfBjfbs /
k|fljlwsx¿;Fu ldn]/ g]kfnL w"g tof/ ug'{ kg]{, clg snf, ;+:s[lt / ;flxTodf
ef/t]nL k|efjn] 5kSs} leh]sf] g]kfnL efje"lddf w]/} ;ª\uLtsf/sf] x};]df
xf]:6] ub}{ g]kfnL df}lns ;ª\uLtsf] l;h{gf ug]{ g]t[Tjk+lQmdWo] Pp6f bl/nf]
:tDesf] ¿kdf /xg' ePsf] 5 –ufos–;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ .
zf:qLo, kfZrfTo, nf]s;ª\uLtsf
dd{1 lj1 lzjz+s/n] ;fª\uLts If]qdf ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ sfd eg]sf] oL
;ª\uLtx¿nfO{ g]kfnL w"g, no / :j/n] l;ufg'{ g} xf] eGg]] dnfO{ nfU5 . h;n]
ubf{ g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] Pp6f :jl0f{d sfnv08sf] lgdf{0f x'g uPsf] 5 . jt{dfgsf
ax';+Vos g]kfnL ;ª\uLt;fwsx¿ o; tYoaf6 cgle1, cGhfg / ;r]t gx'gfsf sf/0f
;ª\uLtdf ljs[lt lelqg yfn]sf] dx;'; xfdLn] ug'{ kl//x]sf] 5 . lxGbL rnlrqsf]
cGwfg's/0f / ¥ofk, kkx¿sf] /j85fk /]s8{n] oxL s'/fnfO{
k|i6 kfl//x]sf] 5 . o; kl/l:yltdf lzjz+s/x¿sf] ;r]ttfsf] cfjZostf cem emg\
66\sf/f] ¿kdf jt{dfg g]kfnL ;ª\uLlts If]qdf b]vfk/]sf 5g\ . d}n] o;} j}rfl/s
kl/k[i7df ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/nfO{ x]g]{ u/]sf] 5' . pxfF ;ª\uLtsf] ;j{kIfLo
hfgsf/ / lj1 /x]sf] tYo uLt aHg] ;ª\uLtsf/sf] ¿kdf dfq geO{ jfBjfbgdf kf]Vt,
Aofn], gf6s, uLltgf6s, lst{g d08nL / rnlrqdf ;d]t lbPsf] ;ª\uLt l;h{gfx¿af6
yfxf kfpg ;lsG5 .
g]kfnL rnlrqdf ;d]t klxnf]
gfossf] ;zQm clego u/]/ VoftL sdfpg'ePsf] Xi6k'i6 / ;'Gb/ cfs[ltsf] wgL
lzjz+s/sf] zf/Ll/s cGt /f]uL, hL0f{ / sdhf]/ zf/Ll/s kl/l:yltdf ePsf] s'/fn]
xfdLnfO{ oxL ;Gb]z lbG5 ls –dflg;sf] hLjgsf] clGtd ;To p;sf] zfl/l/s d[To' xf]
/ dfG5] zf/Ll/s ;'Gb/tfn] dfq slxNo} afFRb}g l;h{gfTds b]gx¿n] g} cd/–ch/ aGb5
. xf] ToxL ljlzi6 ;fª\uLlts l;h{gfn] g} ;ª\uLt;fws lzjz+s/nfO{ xfdLaLr ;bf cd/
agfO/xg] 5 .
>j0f d'sf?ª
slj÷uLtsf/
@)^#.%.!
cfw'lgs g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf]
k|j]zsfnsf yf]/} t/ pNn]vgLo ;ª\uLtsdL{x¿ dWo] lzjz+s/ klg Ps x'g\ . gfltsfhL,
cDa/ u'?ª, uf]kfn of]~hgx¿sf s/bUbdf glhs} pleP/ ltgsf /ldtf x]g{ ;Sg]
lzjz+s/nfO{ ha d ;DemG5' . Xbodf d]/f hf]/ xft 7l8G5g\ .
ofqfsf e]6x¿df ghfg] sltkN6 d}n] pgnfO{ gd:sf/ u/]“ t/ slxNo} klg
uLt–;ª\uLtaf/] s'/f ePg . dfq} Ps >4]o bfO / lk|o
efO eP/ xfdL /x\of}“ . of] :d[lt dnfO{ cfh cxf] ¤
sljtf h:tf] nflu/x]5 .
j;Gts'df/ >]i7
k"j{jfBjfbs÷;dfh;]jL
;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ bfOsf]
;fldKodf /x]/ h'gj]nf d}n] Do"lhl;ogsf] x}l;otn] /]l8of] g]kfndf sfd
u/]sf] lyPF . pxfFsf] klxnf] ljz]iftf eg]sf] d[b'efiffL, yf]/} af]Ng] t/ sfd
w]/} ug]{ ;fy} cg'hx¿nfO{ k|;:t ;xof]u ug]{, l;sfpg] clg dfu{lgb]{zg ug]{ cfbz{
JolQmTj g} xf] . s;}sf] dg gb'Mvfpg] lzjbfO xfdLaLr
g/x] tfklg pxfFsf sfnhoL l;h{gfx¿ cem} 5g\ . h:nfO{ ;+/If0f ul/g' k5{ .
kfl/jfl/s tj/n] jf /fHosf tkm{af6 klg .
pxfFsf] Pp6} lrGtf / rf;f] lyof] . /fd|f] ;ª\uLt l;h{gf ug]{, ;fy} g]kfnL cfw'lgs
;ª\uLtn] cfsfz agfcf];\ . gofF–gofF lIflth p3f/f];\ / g]kfnL ;ª\uLt agf];\,
;ª\uLt g]kfnh:t} ;'Gb/ agf];\ eGg]] pxfFsf] dgf]sf+Iff lyof] . gofF k|ltefsf] d"Nofª\sg / k|f]T;fxg ug{ pxfF slxNo}
r'Sg' ePg . ;ª\uLt l;h{gfaf6 pxfF slxNo} yfSg' ePsf]
d}n] b]lvg .
g]kfnL ;ª\uLt hutdf ufos–;ª\uLtsf/
lzjz+s/n] h'g 5fk 5f]8\g' ePsf] 5, of]ubfg lbg' ePsf] 5 To;}u/L g]kfnL
rnlrqIf]qdf ;d]t pxfFsf] dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 – Tof] ct'ngLo 5 .
k|z+;gLo / pNn]vgLo /x]sf] 5 eGg]] dnfO{ nfUb5 . h'g s'/fnfO{ xfdLn] uf}0f
elglbof}“ eg] lj;{g vf]Hof}F eg] xfdLnfO{ kfk t To;} nfU5 g} To;}u/L xfdLn]
gf£g vf]h]sf] vf8n tyf r9\g vf]h]sf] lzv/h:tfsf] To:t} /xg] 5 eGg]] dnfO{ nfUb5
. Oltxf;df ePsf x/]s s'/fnfO{ ;fd|/L gs]nfpFbf g} jt{dfgn] c;kmntf a]xf]g'{
kb{5 .
s}nfzdf lzjz+s/
/d]z kf}8]n
ufos, ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/sf]
z'egfd d}n] /]l8of] ;'Gg yfn]b]lv g} ;'Gb} cfPsf] x'F . ;a} ;'g]sf gfdx¿;Fu
;fIffTsf/ sd} dfq x'g] u5{ . ufpFdf a:bf /]l8of]sf] df]x ;x/df eGbf a9L g} x'G5
. ;flxTo / ;ª\uLtk|ltsf] cle¿rLn] /]l8of] cln a9L g}
;'Gg] uy]{F . P;=Pn=;L= kf; ul/;s]kl5 sn]h k9\g
sf7df8f}F cfPF . cf/ cf/ sn]hdf k9\bf /]l8of] g]kfndf sfd ug]{ ;fyL uf]kfn yfkf
e]6 eP . gf]6skL cfbfgk|bfg x'Fbf d uLt klg n]V5' eGg]
yfxf kfP5g\ uf]kfnn] . uf]kfnn] eg] – ltd|f b'O{ rf/j6f uLt dnfO{ b]pm t ¤ uLt
lbPF – @)$$ ;fnlt/sf] s'/f xf] . To;sf] s]xL dlxgfkl5
uf]kfnn] va/ u/] uLt ;'Gg cfpg" . lzjz+s/sf] ;ª\uLtdf
dL/f /f0ffn] ufpg' eP5 –
of] dgb]lv Tof] dg;Dd of}6f ;fF3' hf]8\g kfP
kmqmGYof] ls k|Lltsf] km"n b'j} ldnL uf]8\g kfP .
;ª\uLt
zfvfdf gftL, lzj / dL/f /f0ff x'g'x'GYof] . ufpFdf ;'g]sf]
gfdnfO{ Xboaf6} clejfbg u/]F . æP ¤ efO t ev{/s} x'g'x'Fbf] /}5 ===Æ lzjz+s/
bfOn] afn]sf] Tof] af]nL clxn] klg d]/f] ;Demgfdf tfh} 5 . lzj
bfO xfdf]{lgoddf v]Ng' ef], dL/f lbbL ufpg yfNg' ef] – of] dgb]lv === .
cfkm\gf] uLt lzjz+s/sf] ;ª\uLtdf /]s8{ xf]nf eGg]
k/sf] sNkgf lyof] d]/f], t/ eof] . efO uLt n]Vg
g5f]8\g" x}, k/L k'¥ofP/ uLt n]Vg] uLtsf/ sd 5g\ – lzjz+s/ bfOsf] of]
jf0fL d]/f nflu cflzif ;fljt eof] . pxfF o; w/fwfddf x'g'x'Gg, pxfFsf sLlt{ /
;'sLlt{x¿ ;bf ch/, cd/ 5g\ / /lx/xg] 5g\ . s}nfzsf lzjz+s/nfO{ xflb{s zAb>4f
.
/]l8of] g]kfn .
7fs'/ j]njf;]
o'jf slj
g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtsf lzv/ k'?if
lzjz+s/;Fu JolQmut ¿kdf kl/ro gePtf klg jfªdosf] If]qsf] ljBfyL{sf x}l;otn]
eGg'kbf{ lzjz+s/ gePsf] eP cfw'lgs uLt–;ª\uLtsf] cj:yf oxfF;Dd cfOk'Ug] lyPg
xf]nf . pgsf ;ª\uLt l;h{gf dfgjhLjgsf ut{x¿ vf]tNg]
vfnsf x'G5g\ . r§ lrgL vfPh:t} x'G5g\ eGg]] t x}g, a'em\g To;leq l5rf]lng
cfkm"nfO{ lgSs} tof/L kfg'{ kg]{ x'G5 . jf:tjdf sfnhoL /rgfx¿ o:t} x'G5g\
egf}F g hLjgh:t} ===.
6Lsf rflDnª
-slj÷uLtsf/_
g]kfnL
cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] bl/nf] husf ¿kdf /xg' ePsf ufos tyf ;ª\uLtsf/ >L lzjz+s/
dfgGw/sf ‘dfG5]sf] dfof oxfF’,
k+IfLdf 8fFkm] /fd|f]’, / ‘d d/] klg’ h:tf sfnhoL uLtx¿n] pxfFnfO{ ;bf cd/ agfO/xg]
5g\, g]kfnL ;'ud ;ª\uLtsf] ulj{nf] Oltxf;df cd]6 gfd ag]sf 5g\ – ufos tyf
;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ dfgGw/ .
cDa/ u'¿ª
;ª\uLtsf/
g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] h'g lj/f6:j¿k /x]sf]
5 . Tof] x'g'df w]/} ;ª\uLt;|i6fx¿sf] dxTjk"0f{
of]ubfg klg /x]sf] 5 . lzjz+s/ o; of]ubfgsf eflubf/
5g\ . pgnfO{ g]kfnL ;ª\uLthut\n] la;{g ;Sb}g . JolStut ¿kdf lzjz+s/ / d]/f] aLr
s'g} j}/efj /x]g / j}d:otf klg /x]g . Pp6} If]qdf lg/Gt/ /lxof] tfklg s'g} To:tf] cK7\of/f] dx;'; ePg .
b]z–b'lgofFn] Pp6f ;ª\uLtsf/sf] ¿kdf :jLsf/]sf] ;fj{hlgs JolStTjnfO{ d}n] km/s
sf]0faf6 cjnf]sg ug}{ ldNb}g .
aRr's}nfz
ufos
lzjz+s/hL;Fu d]/f] ;b\efjgf / :g]x ;w}F /lx/x\of] s'g}
j}dg:o pxfFsf] c¿;Fu g c¿sf] xfdL;Fu lyof] . ;a};Fu
/fd|f] d]nldnfk /lx/x\of] . g]kfnL ;ª\uLtdf
lzjz+s/hLsf] Hofb} 7"nf] -slG6«Jo';g_ of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . h'ga]nf cfw'lgs
g]kfnL ;ª\uLtn] km8\sf dfg]{ k|of; ub}{ lyof] To;a]nfsf /fd|f ;ª\uLtsf/x¿
dWo]sf pxfF Ps x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFsf ;fª\uLlts l;h{gfx¿ df}lns 5g\, nf]slk|o 5g\
/ cljid/0fLo klg 5g\ .
k|]d, :g]x / ;b\efjgfn] g} g]kfnL ;ª\uLtIf]q cufl8 a9]sf]
lyof] / 5 klg . ;ª\uLtsf/÷ufos lzjz+s/ ToxL dfu{
lxF8\g] JolQmTj x'g'x'GYof] .
pld{nf >]i7
uflosf
g]kfnL
cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] ljljwtf lj:t[ltdf >L lzjz+s/ dfgGw/sf] of]ubfg ct'ngLo 5 .
pxfF kl/>dsf k'hf/L x'g'x'GYof] . cWofj;fo, k|ltef / kl/>dsf] ToxL k|;fbn] g]kfnL ;ª\uLt wGo
ag]sf] 5 . cfw'lgstf r]t ePsf xfd|f k|yd r/0fsf
;ª\uLtsf/x¿dfem pxfFsf] gfd ;bfsf nflu cu|k+lQmdf /lx/xg] 5 .
k|]dWjh
k|wfg
ufos
!$÷!% ;fnlt/ d}n] lzjbfOsf]
;ª\uLt /x]sf] /fli6«o uLt ufPkl5 dfq} xfdLaLrsf] ;fª\uLlts ;xofqf ;'? ePsf] lyof] . t/ lzjbfOsf ult–;ª\uLt
/ ufog g]kfnL >f]tfdfem k|;:t cfO;s]sf] lyof] . To;cy{df klg ;ª\uLtsf/
lzjz+s/sf] ;fª\uLlts e"ldsf pNn]vgLo / k|;+zgLo /x]sf] 5 . ToxL ;dodf ‘d}n]– d}n] lrg] /l;nL ;fGgfgL’ eGg]]
uLt ufPsf] lyPF . h'g uLt clxn]sf kk–uLtk|sf/sf]
sDkf]lh;g /x]sf] lyof] .
;donfO{ /fd|f] ;b'kof]u ug]{
cyf{t\ ;do cg';f/sf] ;ª\uLt lgdf{0f ug]{ JolQmsf ¿kdf d lzjbfOnfO{
d"Nofª\sg ub{5' . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtdf kfZrfTo z}nLsf] k|j]z tyf k|of]u
ug]{ k|yd ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ g} x'g'x'GYof] .
!!÷!@
;fnb]lv ^)–^! ;fn;Dd /fd|f] ;DaGw kfl/jfl/s Psf3/sf]
;b:oh:tf] g} /x\of] . d}n] hlxn] klg cfb/efjn] g}
Jojxf/ u/] xf]nf h:tf] nfU5 . ;fx|} ;/n :jefj ePsf
lzjbfO xflb{s JolQmTj x'g'x'GYof] . snfsf/x¿df pxfF P8efG; nfUYof] dnfO{ . gq
clego, ;ª\uLt, ufog clg jfbgdf ;d]t pxfFsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf s;/L /xg ;SYof] /
<
vf; u/L lzj bfOdf efph" v;]kl5 PSnf]kg / lg/fzfn] ;dft]sf] dnfO{ cg'ej 5 .
kmQ]dfg
ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/
@)!* ;fnb]lv
lzjz+s/bfO;Fu d]/f] ;fª\uLts kl/ro ePsf] xf] . pxfFsf] ;xof]uL
:jefjn] dnfO{ k|efj kf/]sf] xf] . pxfFaf6 ;ª\uLta4
ePsf w]/} uLtx¿ d}n] ufpg] cj;/ kfPsf] 5' . h:t} M ‘s:tf] dfof nfOP5’, ‘aLr
gbLsf] Tof] e"d/Ldf’ cflb ;fy} b'O{–rf/ j6f ehgx¿
klg ufpg] df}sf dnfO{ lbg'ePsf] lyof] . cToGt ldng;f/
lzjz+s/bfO ;ª\uLtsf/ dfq xf]Og ufos klg xf] . lsgls pxfFn] ufpg' ePsf uLtx¿
rlr{t / dL7f 5g\ . d]xgt u/]/ t/h /fVg], P/]Gh ug]{ / jfhfufhfsf] ;+of]hgdf klg
al9g} Wofg k'¥ofpg] Ps s'zn ;ª\uLtsf/ ePsf] d]/f] cg'ej /x]sf] 5 . rfln;
jif{sf] ;fª\uLlts bf}/fgdf pxfFnfO{ glhsaf6 x]g]{ a'em\g] df}sf kfPF .
tL;;fnb]lv k}lt;;fn;Dd /]l8of] g]kfndf sfd klg u/]F pxfFx¿s} ;fydf . clxn] g lzjbfO g gfltbfO g gf/fo0f uf]kfn ===. k|]dWjh, of]u]z, d 5f}“ – vNnf] / PSnf] nfU5 pxfFx¿ gx'Fbf ===
. xfdLn] ufpg] uLtdf pxfFx¿sf ;ª\uLt ;hLj / ;fy{s ePh:tf] nfU5 dnfO{ . b]zn]
/fd|f ;ª\uLtsdL{x¿ u'dfpb} uO/x]sf] 5 .
lx/0o ef]hk'/]
ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/
ee{/fpFbf]
/ emem{/fpFbf] ;ª\uLtsf >f]t x'g'x'GYof] lzjz+s/ bfO ¤ s'zn lzNksf/n]
l;h{gdf lzNk sk]em}“ ;ª\uLtdf pxfF lzNk ;'gfpg'x'GYof] . kl/>dsf]
kl;gfl;~rg u/]/ pxfF af]6 x'sf{pg'x'GYof] clg ;ª\uLtsf :j:y km"n km'nfpg'
x'GYof] . ltg} km"nsf ;'uGwn] xfdL d'Uw x'GYof]“, cfkm\gf] cf]+7x¿af6
–‘lxdfnsf] sfvdf 5 ;fgf] d]/f] ufpF ===’, ‘afbn' h:t} sf]dn 5' d ===’, ‘d d/] klg d]/f] b]z
afFlr/xf];\ ===’ x¿nfO{ ufpFb} ufpFb} clg uDb} uDb} . uLtsf] efsf /
e/fOdf cGtlg{lxt l;h{glzntfsf ;fy} k"j{ ;ª\uLt, k"n;ª\uLt, cEofGtl/s
;ª\uLt, cGt/;ª\uLt OToflbdf dfq xf]Og afB;+of]hg clg jfBoGq ljlwtfdf klg pxfFsf
;fª\uLlts kl/>d / k|of]usf] ‘kf6f]’ cToGt pj{/ /x]sf] kfOG5 eGg]] dnfO{ nfU5 M ‘pxfFaf6 /lrt
o:tf cg'kd ;ª\uLtn] ;'Gb/tf clg ;'uGw alg of] w/fdf ;j{bf ;'v–/; a;f{O/xg]5g\.’
u0f]z /l;s
slj÷;ª\uLtsf/
@)^#.$.@*
@#
;fndf ha d nf]suLt k|ltof]lutfdf efulng sf7df8f}“
/]l8of] g]kfndf k'u]sf] lyP“ . Tolx a]nf d}n]
ufos–;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/nfO{ e]6\g] df}sf kfPsf] lyPF . To;}u/L gfltsfhL, tf/fb]jL, sf]OnLb]jL, wd{/fh yfkf cflb cu|h snfsf/x¿;Fu klg d]/f]
e]6 ePsf] lyof] . t/ Tof] eGbf klg kfFr–5 jif{ cl3 g} !*–!( ;fnlt/ xf]nf k'ik
g]kfnL;Fu e]6 ePsf] lyof] .
cu|h
lzjz+s/;+u /fd|f] ;DaGw /x\of] . t/ To:tf] 3lgi6tf klg /xg ;s]g . lsgls
pxfFx¿ -gfltsfhL–lzjz+s/_ d eGbf pd]/n] klg h]7faf7f lyP . To;}u/L ;ª\uLtIf]qdf t pxf“x¿ cufl8 gx'g] s'/} lyPg . lzjz+s/ cToGt ldng;f/, yf]/} af]Ng] / uDeL/ k|s[ltsf] d}n]
cg'ej u/]sf] x'“ .
pxf“sf
;ª\uLt l;hgf{x¿df g]kfnLkg, dfld{s / df}lnsz}nL /x]sf] kfOG5 . jfB;+of]hgdf klg ljz]if bIftf /fVg] ;fy} cfkm} klg s'zn
l;tf/ jfbs ePsf] d}n] b]v]sf] x'“ . k"jL{o–kfZrfTo ;ª\uLtsf ;fy} g]kfnL
nf]suLtsf emns / lemNsfx¿ pgsf ;fª\uLlts l;h{gfdf kfOg] ljz]iftfx¿ x'g\ . ufog, jfbg / clego;d]tsf] lqj]0fL of]ubfg g]kfnL snfIf]qn]
pxf“af6 k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL ;ª\uLt cfsfzdf lzjz+s/
– of]u]z j}B
ufos
;bf:d/0fLo ;ª\uLt ;fws lzjz+s/
h;nfO{ cfb/efj / cfTdLotfa; ‘lzj bfO’ egL
xfdL ;Daf]wg uYof}{F, cfh xfdL aLr ;z/L/ x'g'x'Gg, 8]9 jif{ -b'O{ jif{_ clu
pxfFsf] ef}lts cj;fg e};s]sf] 5, t/ xfd|f] :d/0fk6df pxfF ;bf cd/ /lx/xg'
x'g]5, xfdL >4fefjsf ;fy pxfFsf] g]kfnL ;ª\uLt If]qdf pNn]Vo dxŒjk"0f{
of]ubfgsf] :d/0f ul//xg]5f}“ .
JolQmsf] ¿kdf lzjbfO ;fx|} ldng;f/, ;/n / ;f}Do JolQmTjsf] x'g'x'GYof] .
;bf ;xof]u ug{ tTk/ pxfFsf] ;b\efjk"0f{ Jojxf/n] w]/}sf] Xbo lhTg pxfF
;kmn x'g'x'GYof] . /]l8of] g]kfnsf] To;tfsfsf
jfBjfbsx¿ pxfFsf] lgoGq0f / lgb]{zgdf /dfpFy] . k|fljlwsx¿sf] ;sf/fTds ;xof]u
klg pxfFsf] /]sl8{ªdf ;lhn} h'6\Yof]] lsgls ;fp08 /]sl8{ª;DaGwL k|fljlws kIfLo
1fg klg pxfFsf] cGo ;dsfnLg ;ª\uLt lgb]{zsx¿df eGbf cln clws g} lyof] /
;xof]uLx¿af6 sfd lng ;Sg] v'jL klg pxfFdf a9L g} lyof] lsgls v6\gk6geGbf klg
pxfFsf] cfkm} v6\g] afgL lyof] . dnfO{ ;Demgf 5 gfltbfOsf] uLt /]sl8{ªdf klg
k|fljlws kIfsf] ;xof]usf] a/f]a/ lzjbfOsf] cu|;/tf pxfFsf] ;bfzotfsf] /fd|f]
kl/ro aGby] .
‘lzj bfO’ sf]
;Demgfdf >4fsf s]xL x/kmx¿ sf]g]{qmddf d ;lDem/x]5' :s'ndf k9\b} ubf{ klxnf]
k6s d}n] lzjbfO;Fu ;fIffTsf/ ug]{ ;'cj;/ kfPsf] Tof] lbg ha pxfFsf] 3/ lrGg]
Pshgf ;fyL;Fu d pxfFsf] 3/d} e]6\g k'u]y]“ . ;xhtfsf ;fy pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ ug'{
ePsf] cfltYo / ;b\Jojxf/sf] Gofgf]kg d clxn] klg cg'ej ug{ ;S5 . uLt;ª\uLtdf
;fg} pd]/ b]lvg} ?lr /x]sf] sf/0f To;tfsf /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 laxfg k|;f/0f x'g]
‘hLjg ;ª\uLt’ eGg]] sfo{qmd h;df Pp6} snfsf/sf] tLg uLtx¿ hLjGt
-Live_ k|:t't x'Gy] . To;sf] d lgoldt >f]tf lyPF .
hxfF;Dd d]/f] ;Demgf 5 Tof] sfo{qmd xKtfsf] Ps k6s
;fob a'waf/ laxfg k|;fl/t x'GYof] . / To; lbg dnfO{
:s'n k'Ug g} l9nf] x'GYof] . /]l8of] g]kfnsf] To; cfw'lgs ;ª\uLtsf] sfo{qmddf
k|:t't x'g] :j/x¿df dnfO{ lzjz+s/sf] ufosLo z}nL c;fWo} dg kYof]{ . / lzjz+s/
d]/f] lk|o ufos x'g'x'GYof] .
lzjbfOn] To;tfsfsf
uLtx¿sf] /rgfsf/x¿ k|fozM efj's, /fddfg ‘t[lift’, d
jL=jL= zfx, Zofdbf; ‘j}i0fj’ cflb x'Gy] . clxn] ;Demg vf]Hbf pxfFsf] uLtsf] af]nx¿ no;lxt u'gu'gfpg dg
nfU5 . x] uugsL ;'Gb/L, j/jfb lhGbuLdf, hf, P klys hf,
lbnd} a;]/ d]/f], ofb cfO/x\of] lbge/, cflb cflb . To;tfsf /]l8of]df uLt ;'g]/
snfsf/sf] :j?ksf] cfjfhsf] dfWodaf6 sNkgf ug'{kYof]{ . clxn] h:tf] snfsf/;Fu
;lhn} ;fIffTsf/ x'g] cj:yf lyPg . /]l8of] g]kfn Pp6} :jb]zL ;~rf/dfWod ePsf]
x'gfn] /]l8of] g]kfnsf] kx'Frdf snfsf/x¿sf] kl/ro ;Lldt lyof] . o:tf] cj:yfdf
klg lzjz+s/sf] nf]slk|otf b]zleq y'k|} 7fpFdf / b]z gf3]/ k|jf;;Dd klg km}n]sf]
lyof] . ;ª\uLtsf/sf] ¿kdf y'k|} gfdj/ snfsf/x¿sf]
cfjfhsf] ;xL k|of]uaf6 Ps pRrsf]6Lsf] ;ª\uLt1sf] klxrfg lbnfpg pxfF ;kmn x'g'
ef] . gfltsfhL;Fusf] pxfFsf] 3lgi6tf / ;ª\uLt ;[hgdf k/:k/tf /]l8of] g]kfnsf]
;ª\uLtkmfF6df Pp6f :d/0fLo pbfx/0f aGg k'u]Yof] . To; a]nfsf ;f]r, Jojxf/ /
;b\efj clxn]sf] lkF9Lsf] nflu TolQ rf;f] hufpg cy{k"0f{ gxf]nf, t/
xfdLnfO{ k|]l/t ug{ cem} ;dy{ tL lbgx¿sf] ;Demgf clt dL7f] / efjk"0f{ 5 .
d lzjbfO, gfltbfO / tf/f lbbL;Fu w]/} glhs lyPF / xfd|f] ;DaGw ;bf ;'dw'/ /x\of] .
/]l8of] g]kfnsf] ;ª\uLt zfvfsf] of] k'/fgf] sf]7f hxfF a;]/ ;ª\uLtsf oL
dxf/lyx¿ ;ª\uLt l;h{gf ug'{x'GYof] . xfdL ;a}sf] cyf{t\ k|]dWjh, ¿jL hf]zL,
kmQ]dfg, /fddfg t[lift, /Tg zDz]/ yfkf, ls/0f v/]n, d ;lxt cGo snfsf/ ;fyLx¿sf]
e]63f6 ug]{ Pp6f rf}tf/L lyof] . tL g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf ;'gf}nf lbgx¿ cfhsf]
Joj;flos / Jofkfl/s dgf]j[lQn] wldNofO{ lbg] cfz+sf eofjx nfUb5 . tL lbgx¿ ca dfq ;Demgfsf clj:d/0fLotfdf ;+/lIft /xg afWo 5g\
. /]l8of] g]kfnn] klg pxfFx¿nfO{ hflu/ jfx]s csf]{ bhf{ lbg rfx]g jf ;s]g . of] b'MvbfoL / kL8fbfoL cg'e"ltaf6 xfdL aRg ;s]gf}“ .
lzjbfO, gfltbfO / tf/f
lbbL;Fusf] ef}lts lj5f]8 b'Mvb 5 t/ ;Demgfsf t/ª\udf pxfFx¿sf] ememNsf]
cª\ufNb} lbj+ut cfTdfsf] rL/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ >4f~hnLsf oL b'O{ x/kmx¿ oxL
6'ª\UofpF5' .
lzjz+s/ – ;w}“ cd/
– nIdLgfy zdf{
rnlrq lgb]{zs
/]l8of]df uLt
ufpg] ufos / ;ª\uLtsf/sf ¿kdf pgsf] gfd rn]sf] lyof] –lzjz+s/ . kl5 ltg} lzjz+s/ rnlrq ‘cfdf’ df
gfos eP/ clego ub}{ 5g\ /] eGg]] s'/f ;'lgof] . rnlrq k|blz{t ePkl5 d}n] pgnfO{
kbf{df b]v]sf] lyP .
la=;+= @)@@ ;fndf klxnf]rf]l6
k|bz{g ul/Psf] rnlrq ‘cfdf’ g]kfndf lgdf{0f ePsf] klxnf]
g]kfnL syfgs rnlrq lyof] / To;df gfossf] ¿kdf clego u/]sf] x'gfn] lzjz+s/
g]kfnL rnlrqsf klxnf gfos x'g\ . pgsf ;fydf e'jg yfkf
-rGb_ n] klxnL g]kfnL gflosfsf] ¿kdf clego u/]sL lyOg\ . oL b'j} snfsf/n]
klxnf] k6s :jb]zd} g]kfnL efiffdf lgdf{0f ePsf] rnlrqdf d'Vo e"ldsfdf
clego u/]sf x'gfn] b'j}sf] gfd k|l;4 x'g k'Ug' :jfefljs} lyof] . pgLx¿sf] gfd g]kfnL rnlrq bz{sx¿sf] d'v d'vdf s07:y eof] . oBlk To; a]nf
g]kfndf rnlrq k|fljlwsx¿sf] 7"nf] cefj lyof], pks/0fx¿sf] cefj lyof],
rnlrqsf] 5fofª\sg ug]{ :6'l8of] lyPg, ef/tLo k|fljlwsx¿ / ef/tLo ;ª\uLtsf/n]
‘cfdf’sf] lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u u/]sf lyP clg lgb]{zs :j= xL/f l;+x
klg ef/tsf] d'DaO{df sfd ug]{ b]x/fb"gsf g]kfnL lyP . rnlrqsf] ‘OG8f]/’ cyf{t\ 3/leqsf] z"l6ª ef/ts} snsQfdf ul/Psf] lyof] .
tyflk o; s'/fdf ljrf/ ubf{ lzjz+s/ Pj+ e'jg yfkf -rGb_ nufot ‘cfdf’df sfd
ug]{ k|foM ;a} snfsf/n] ljb]zdf uP/ ljb]zLx¿l;t sfd ug{sf lglDt klxnf] rnlrqd}
cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf lyP . cg'ej a6'Ng] tyf 1fg a9fpg] b[li6sf]0fn] x]bf{ To;nfO{
Pp6f dxŒjk"0f{ df}sf dfGg ;lsG5 .
dnfO{ nfu]sf] lyof] lzjz+s/ ca
Pp6f cg'ejL gfossf] ¿kdf cfufdL g]kfnL rnlrqx¿df b]vf kb}{ hfg]5g\ – cfkm\gf]
clego cg'ejnfO{ vf/]/ pTs[i6tfsf] l;+9Ldf r9\b} hfg] 5g\ – t/ lsg xf] s'lGg
snfsf/ lzjz+s/ ‘cfdf’ kl5 lgdf{0f ePsf rnlrqx¿
‘lxhf] cfh ef]ln’ -@)@$_, ‘dfOtL 3/’
-@)@#_, / ‘kl/jt{g’ -@)@&_ cflb s'g}df klg b]vf k/]gg\ .
la=;+= @)@( ;fndf rnlrq
;+:yfgn] syfgs rnlrq ‘dgsf] afFw’
lgdf{0f ug]{ 3f]if0ff u¥of] . To; rnlrqdf lzjz+s/ klg sfd ug{
cfO{ k'u] – t/ clego ug]{ snfsf/sf] ¿kdf geP/ pgn] ;ª\uLtsf/sf] ¿kdf sfd u/] .
;'k|l;4 ;ª\uLtsf/ :j= gftLsfhL / lzjz+s/sf] hf]8Ln] rnlrq ‘dgsf] afFw’ -@)#!_
sf] ;ª\uLt l;h{gf ug]{ pQ/bfloTj ;Dxfn]sf lyP .
rnlrq ‘dgsf] afFw’ -@)#!_
df ;dfj]z ePsf ‘km"nsf] y'Fuf ax]/ uof]’,
‘Xboel/sf] d]/f] z'esfdgf ltdLnfO{’, ‘x],
x'g' dfof nfU5 lg 5'g dfof nfU5’ tyf ‘s:t'/L x] af; cfpF5 eG5g\’ cflb
u]8f ePsf uLtx¿ g]kfnL bz{s / >f]tfx¿ aLr cToGt nf]slk|o ePsf lyP .
To;} u/L rnlrq ;+:yfgåf/f
lgld{t syfgs rnlrq ‘zflGtbLk’ -@)$%_ sf nflu klg lzjz+s/ tyf
gftLsfhLsf] hf]8Ln] ;ª\uLt l;h{gf u/]sf] lyof] . To; rnlrqdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf
‘nfx'/] cfh 3/ kmSof]{ gfrL gfrL /dfO{’, ‘;'gufef
h:tf] hLjg, nfnL u'/fF; h:tf] hLjg’, ‘n]vL
lbG5' d]/f] gfpF ltd|} k/]nLdf’ tyf ‘ge'nf}“ g]kfnL xf] Tof]
;TonfO{ ge'nf}“’ cflb u]8f ePsf uLtx¿ klg plQs} nf]slk|o ePsf lyP
.
o;/L
lzjz+s/ g]kfnL rnlrqsf] k|f/lDessfndf snfsf/ Pj+ ;ª\uLtsf/sf] ¿kdf k|l;4 ePsf
lyP . of] s'/f rnlrq tkm{sf] dfq xf] . jf:tjdf pgn]
/]l8of] g]kfndf cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{ hLjg ufos Pj+ ;ª\uLt ;h{ssf ¿kdf ;]jf
ub}{ latfP . g]kfnL nf]suLt, cfw'lgs uLt tyf elQm uLtx¿sf] ufog tyf ;ª\uLt
/rgfdf pgn] pNn]Vo of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf 5g\ .
ufos tyf ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/l;t
d]/f] klxnf] e]6 rflxF rnlrq ‘dgsf] afFw’ sf]
lgdf{0f sfo{ ;'? x'Fbf To;} l;nl;nfdf rnlrq ;+:yfgn] To;a]nf ef8fdf lnPsf] 3/
nflhDkf6df ePsf] lyof] . pgLl;t rnlrq ‘zflGt bLk’ df klg
;Fu} sfd ul/of] .
d}n] b]Vbf lzjz+s/ cToGt ;/n
:jefjsf, clt sd af]Ng] Pp6f c;n JolQm lyP . ca pgL xfdLl;t
5}gg\ . t/ pgsf c;ª\Vo ;fª\uLlts l;h{gfx¿ xfdLl;t 5g\ . ltg} l;h{gfn] :j=
lzjz+s/nfO{ ;w}Fsf lglDt cd/ agfPsf 5g\ . To;}n] d
eG5', lzjz+s/ – ;w}“ cd/ ¤
ldt]/L dfu{, k'/fgf] afg]Zj/
@)^#.#.!^
lzjbfOsf] ofb
¿jL hf]zL
ufos
lzjz+s/ bfO – d]/f] dfGoj/ /
d]/f] >4]o u'?j/ . lj=;+=
@)@! ;fndf d]/f] pxfF;Fu lrgfhfgL ef] . gftLbfOn] dnfO{ pxfF;Fu lrgfhfgL u/fpg' eof] . k'ik g]kfnLsf] elthf / pm lg /fd|f] ufpF5 eg]/ . dnfO{ uLt ufpg lzjz+s/ bfOn] eGg'eof] / Pp6f uLt ufP/ ;'gfPF
. n l7s 5 egL pxfFn] Pp6f uLt 6]k ug{ nufpg' ef] – lsg d PSn}sf] uNtL eg' ¤ 8f=
/fddfg t[liftsf] /rgfnfO{ pxfFn] ;ª\uLt /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . of] uLt /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 a/fa/ k|;f/ x'g yfNof] . >f]tfx¿n] dg k/fP . o;l/ g} pxfFsf]
;ª\uLtdf c¿ #÷$ j6f uLtx¿ ufPF .
Ps lbg
;fFemlt/ /]l8of] hfFbf pxfFnfO{ e]6]F . cfkm\gf] 8fo/L lnP/ rf}/df al;/xg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFsf] 8fo/L x]g{ d}n] cg'/f]w u/]“ /
8fo/L x]bf{ Pp6f cgf}7f] vfnsf] sljtf b]v]“ . dfly booked for dfl0fs/Tg n]lvPsf] /x]5 . Tof] sljtf dnfO{
cToGt} dg k¥of] / d}n] cfkm}n] ufpg cg'/f]w u/]F . dfl0fsnfO{
lbO;s]sf] uLt s;/L lbg] – pxfFn] cln cK7\of/f] dfGg' eof] . d}n] eg]F –
dfl0fsnfO{ d dgfpF5' of] uLt dnfO{ ufpg lbg';\ . pxfFsf] 8fo/Ldf dfl0fssf] gfd
sf6L booked for Ruby Joshi egL d}n] n]v]F / eg]F ‘lzjz+s/ bfO ¤ d s]xL lbgsf]
nflu /fi6« a}ª\ssf] sfddf snsQf hfFb}5', cfO{ k'Ugf ;fy /]s8{ ug'{k5{ .’
kms]{kl5 e]6]“, dfl0fsn] dfgL ;s]sf] /x]5,
w]/} v'zL nfUof] / Pp6f 8]6 ldnfP/ Tof] uLt /]sl8{ª u/]“ . ‘ltd|f] klg dfof
nfU5, pgsf] klg dfof nfU5, x'g] eP d'6' sf6L b'j}nfO{ cfwf cfwf afFl8lbpFh:tf]
nfU5 .’ of] uLtn] d}n] w]/} g} nf]slk|otf xfl;n u/]“ .
of] uLt cfh klg alh/x]s} 5 t/ ;'Gg] d / /rgfsf/ 8f=
/fddfg t[lift dfq} /x\of}“ .
pxfFnfO{ s8f /f]u nfu]sf] yfxf
kfP/ x]g{ uPF . x]bf{x]b}{ sl/a % dlxgfdf emg uNb} hfg' ef] / laTg' ef] .
lhGbuLdf l/;fpg eg]s} ghfGg], d[b'efifL, cToGt ldng;f/ / dnfO{ nf]slk|o agfpg]
JolQm cfh xfdL dfem x'g'x'Gg . d Hofb} g} b'MvL 5' .
t/ s] ug]{ < Ps lbg ;a}nfO{ hfg} k5{ . dnfO{rflxF pxfF;Fusf] uLlt ofqf ;w}“
;Demgf ag]/ alu/xG5 .
ljZj a:g]t
cleg]tf
s'g} hdfgfdf d
;ª\uLtk|lt v"a} cle?lr /fVby]“ . Pnla:k|]nL,
lj6N;, lNskm l/rf8{sf uLtx¿ d v"a ufpy]“ . bfhL{lnª
k9\g uPsf] a]nf lu6f/ lsg]/ NofPsf] lyPF . d ToxL lu6f/ ahfpFb} lzjz+s/sf] uLt
ufpy]“ . lzjz+s/ /fd|f ;ª\uLtsf/,
/fd|f ufos / plQs} /fd|f snfsf/ klg x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFn]
clego ug'{ePsf] g]kfnL rnlrq dnfO{ c;fWo} /fd|f] nfu]sf] rnlrq xf] . pxfFsf]
u'8 n'lsª AolQmTj lyof] . pxfFaf6 w]/} s'/f lng ;lsg]
;+efjgf x'“bf x'“b} klg d'n'sn] lng vf]h]g eGg] dnfO{ nfUb5 . pxfFnfO{ k|yd\
g]kfnL lkmNd ‘cfdf’ df hf]8bf/ ¿kdf hdfpgdf lgb]{zs lx/fl;+x vqLsf]
d]xgt sd lyPg . pxfF gfossf ¿kdf g} v"a hDg'
;Sg'x'GYof] . t/ lkmNdIf]qn] pxfFnfO{ jf:tf u/]sf]
b]lvPg . h] xf];\ pxfF cToGt enfb\dL x'g'x'GYof] .
pxfF g]kfnL rnlrqsf k|yd gfossf ;fy} lj;{g} g;lsg] ;ª\uLtsdL{ JolQmTj klg
x'g'x'GYof] . g]kfnL ;ª\uLt ;“:s[ltn] pxf“nfO{ u'dfP/ 7"nf] Iflt
a]xf]/]sf] 5 eGg] dnfO{ nfUb5 .
u0f]z kl/of/
;ª\uLtsf/÷P/]Gh/
@)^#.%.!
/]l8of]
g]kfndf sfd ug{ yfn]kl5 @)@! ;fnb]lv g} d lzjz+s/
df8;fa;Fu glhs x'g kfPF . cGbfhL 8]9–b'O{;ohlt uLtsf
P/]Gh/ Do"lhl;ogsf ¿kdf d}n] sfd u/]sf] lyPF . df8;fk
;fª\uLlts 1fg ePsf] dfG5] x'g'x'GYof] . ldng;f/ / ;a} snfsf/x¿n] cfb/ ug]{
JolQm ePsf] gftfn] klg pxfFnfO{ xfdL df8;fa eg]/ ;Daf]wg uYof}{ . pxfFsf]
;fª\uLlts v'jL b]v]/ g} d}n] pxfFnfO{ cfb/ u/]sf] x'“ . snfsf/nfO{ dfof ug]{
;XboL JolQmTjsf wgL lzjz+s/sf] cfkm\g} ;fª\uLlts of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL tyf
kf:rfToz}nLnfO{ ;dfof]hg ug{ ;Sg] To;a]nfsf ;ª\uLtsdL{x¿ dWo] pxf“ Ps
x'g'x'GYof] . g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf ;DkbfeGbf klg km/s kb}{g
.
dbgbf; >]i7
gf6s
lgb]{zs
lzjz+s/
ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/ dfq geP/ g]kfnsf k|yd gfos klg x'g\ . pgsf] of]ubfg
s} ljifodf s]lGb|t x'g] xf] eg] klg kf]Vt / vfl/Psf] clego xfdLn] cfdf rnlrqdf
b]v]sf xf}F . rnlrq If]qn] pgsf] e"ldsfnfO{ k'gM cGo rnlrqdf ;b'kof]u ug{
sf]l;; u/]g . t/ pgn] g]kfnL ;ª\uLtIf]qsf nflu
ljl;{g;Sg' s} u'g nufPsf 5g\ .
P]ltxfl;s rnlrq cfdfsf] clego
;lDemg] xf] eg] clxn]sf Jofkfl/s rnlrqsf gfosx¿sf clego;Fu t'ngf g} ug{ ;lsGg .
a¿ clxn]sf rnlrqx¿df To:tf] hLjGt clego b]lvFb}g . pgn] syfa:t'nfO{ cfTdf;fy
u/]/ ;zQm e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ . Tof] Hofb] ;x|fgLo
5 . pgn] vg]sf uf]/]6f]x¿df xfdL klg lx8\g] k|oTgdf
5f}“ .
@)@! ;fnb]lv
g} /]l8of] gf6s tyf aflxl/of gf6sx¿df d ;+nUg /x]sf] x'“ . To;a]nfb]lvg}
xfdL bfh'–efOsf] gftfn] sfd ub}{ klg cfPsf xf}“ . /]l8of]
gf6ssf s}of}“ kfZj{ ;ª\uLt pgn] /rgf -sDkf]h_ u/]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L uLltgf6s,
Aofn] tyf ck]/f cflb s[ltx¿df klg pgn] dfld{s ;ª\uLt l;h{gf u/]sf 5g\ . km]l/
l;r'P;gn Do'lhs klg sDkf]h u/]sf 5g\ . s'zn ufos tyf ;ª\uLtsf/
x'Fbf x'Fb} klg s'zn k|zf;s klg d}n] b]v]sf] -kfPsf]_ 5' . /Tg /]sl8{ª
;+:yfgsf] dxfk|aGws ;d]tsf] lhDd]jf/L pgn] lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ .
/fd]z >]i7
ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/
cf]vn9'ª\ufsf] k|ltlglwTj u/]/
!( ;fndf d / /fog /]l8of] g]kfnåf/f cfof]lht nf]suLt k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng
sf7df8f}“ cfof}“ . To;}a]nf lzjz+s/, gfltsfhL tyf /fdnfn hf]zL;Fu e]6 ePsf]
lyof] . pxfFx¿n] xfdLnfO{ xf};nf lbb} eGg'ePsf] lyof]
ls efOx¿sf] nf]suLt /fd|fvfn] 5g\ . c¿ nf]suLt klg
;+sng u/L km]l/ cfpg' . o;k|sf/sf] k|]/0ffn] xfdL
lgSs} pT;flxt eof}“ / @! ;fndf cfpFbf ‘ufO{ rg]{df e};L k:of] jgsf] ;]vL em¥of]’, dhd
km"nsf] 9NSof] hf]jg’, ‘v/sf6L bfDnf]’ cflb
;ftj6f uLt /]s8{ ePsf] lyof] . To;sf] l8is /]s8{ klg
aGof] .
uLt /]s8{ ubf{ lzjz+s/ bfOn]
‘lkofgf]’, gfltsfhL bfOn] ‘Psf]l8{og’ /
OGb|nfn >]i7n] ‘tjnf’ ahfP/ ;xof]u ug'{ ePsf] ofb
tfh} 5 . xfdLn] ufPsf] uLtsf] kfl/>lds lst]{ u/]/
vfg]x¿ klg /]l8of] g]kfndf lyP . ltgLx¿nfO{ dSs/axfb'/
afGtjfn] sfjf{xL u/L lbg' ePsf] lyof] . kl5 xfd|f uLtx¿ To;sf/0fn]
tL tTjx¿n] aGb u/] . ahfPgg\, n'sfP jf stf km\ofFs] xf]nf
. pgLx¿ sf/jfxLdf k/]kl5 xfd|f l;h{gfx¿ /]l8of]af6 aHg
al~rt eP . xfdLnfO{ /]l8of] g]kfn l5g{ klg lbPgg\ . xfdL cfkm\g} ;fª\uLlts
cfGbf]ngtkm{ nfUof}“ . l;h{gf s;}n] /f]s]/ /f]lsg]
s'/f] klg lyPg . t/ kl5 lzjz+s/ bfOnfO{ e]6\bf ‘ cfp g
¤ uLt ufP/ hfpm . ltgLx¿n] To;f] u/] eg]/ s] ef] /
< xfdL 5f}“ ;xof]u u/f}nf eGg' x'GYof] . bfO lzjz+s/ ;f}Do,
;xof]uL / ;/n JolQmTjsf wgL kSs} x'g'x'GYof] .
e"k]Gb| /fodfemL
;ª\uLtsf/
;ª\uLtsf/÷ufos
lzjz+s/ bfO;Fu lgs} nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd ug]{ df}sf kfPF . Pp6f jfBjfbgsf] ¿kdf /]l8of]df sfd ubf{sf] cg'ej 5 d;Fu . ufos
;ª\uLtsf/, P/]Gh/, jfbs cyjf clego klg ug]{ pxfFdf h'g ax'd'vL k|ltef Tof]
;a}df /xFb}g . pxfF;Fu nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd ubf{sf] ;Demgf
/lx/xg] rflxF pxfFsf] ;/n / eb| JolStTj g} xf] .
d /]l8of]
g]kfn k|j]z ubf{ pxfF zf:qLo ;ª\uLtsf] k|d'vsf] ¿kdf x'g'x'GYof] . kl5 ;ª\uLt zfvf k|d'v eP/ klg lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug'{eof] .
ev{/ cfpFbf ;a}nfO{ lrGg kfPsf] lyOgF . d]/f] l;Sg] a]nf klg lyof] . d}n] pxfF;Fu zf:qLo ;ª\uLtsf
s]xL s'/fx¿ l;Sg] cj;/ klg kfPsf] lyPF . ;xh¿kdf atfpg
/ l;sfpg ;Sg] Ifdtfjfg\ u'? klg x'g'x'GYof] . l/;nfO{ klg bafpg ;Sg], cfkm\gf]
j;df /fVg ;Sg] / c¿tkm{ k|bz{g gug]{, ;+oldt JolStTj x'g'x'GYof] . Pp6f c;ndfu{ lgb]{zg lbg] ;ª\uLtsf/sf] ¿kdf klg d}n] pxfFnfO{
kfPsf] lyPF . pxfFsf of]ubfgx¿ g]kfnL ;ª\uLthut\df cd/
/xg] 5g\ .
g'k'/ e6\6frfo{
uflosf
ufos,
;ª\uLtsf/ tyf gfos lzjz+s/sf] lqa]0fL AolQmTj lyof] . t/ To;dWo]
klg ;ª\uLtsf/ AolQmTjn] cGo kIfnfO{ cf]e]mndf kf/]sf] b]lvG5 . pxf“sf ;ª\uLtdf d}n] cfw'lgs, ehg / afnuLtx¿ u/]/ w]/} g}
uLtx¿ ufpg] cj;/ kfPsf] lyP“ . tL dWo] klg ehgx¿ w]/}
5g\ .
of] qmd
tL; ;fnb]lv z'¿ ePsf] xf] . Ps cfwf/df d]nf]l8o; /
csf]{ cfwf/df zf:qLokgåf/f g]kfnLkgsf] lasf; pxf“af6 ePsf] h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb5 .
pxf“sf l;h{gfx¿df ljljwtf / lalzi6tf kfO{G5g\ . /rgfsf] efjnfO{ cfTdf;ft u/]/ ,
zAbsf] dd{nfO{ a'em]/ ;fª\uLlts k|f0f lbb} hLjGt agfpg ;Ifd ;ª\uLtsdL{sf ¿kdf
pxf“nfO{ d}n] kfPsf] 5' .
;du|df lzjbfO g/dldhf;, eb|efnfbdL / ;xof]uL efjgfsf
wgL x'g'x'GYof] . g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] vDafx¿ dWo]sf Ps
lzjz+s/ ;ª\uLtsf] w/f]x/ g} x'g'x'GYof] . /fi6«n] o:tf
dxfk'?ifx¿ u'dfpb} uPsf] 5 . of] ck'/0fLo Iflt g} xf] eGg] dnfO{
nfUb5 .
/fh'l;+x jfubf;
o'jf ;ª\uLtsf/
lzjz+s/
eGg] ljlQs} d cfb/efjn] ;Demg k'Ub5' . lsgls o;
If]qsf] d Pp6f ev{/} afd] ;b}{ u/]sf] ;ª\uLtsdL{ x'F . pxfFx¿ eg]sf] g]kfnL
;ª\uLtsf] hu g} xf] eGg] dnfO{ nfUb5 . clxn]sf] g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] h'g cj:yf
ljsl;t 5, To;df lzjz+s/h:tf x:tLsf] 7"nf] of]ubfg /lxcfPsf] 5 .
;ª\uLtzf:qsf]
1fgL cfb/0fLo lzjz+s/ tjnf, l;tf/ tyf lkofgf] h:tf jfBoGqx¿ klg s'zntf;fy jfbg
ug{ ;Sg' x'GYof] . ufog jfbg / ;ª\uLt l;h{gf ug{ s'zn ;kmn pxfFsf ;ª\uLtx¿
g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] kmfF6df nf]slk|o tyf rlr{t klg ePsf] kfOG5 . nf]slk|otf /
rrf{sf] k|l;l4n] g]kfnL ;ª\uLtsf] k|jfx p/flnPsf] 5, lzv/tkm{ klg psflnPsf] 5
eGg] dnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 . Pp6f /fd|f] jfbs /fd|f] ;ª\uLtsf/
jf ufos klg x'g ;S5 eGg] pxfFn] k|dfl0ft u/]/ b]vfpg' ePsf] 5 .
pxfFsf] ;ª\uLtdf d}n] klg jfbssf] ¿kdf sfd ug]{ zf}efUo kfPsf]
lyPF . h] xf];\ pxfFn] lgjf{x ug'{ ePsf] h'g ;fª\uLlts
e"ldsf 5, Tof] Hofb} k|z+;gLo cfb/0fLo 5 . To;nfO{ ;'gf}nf] cIf/n] n]lvg'
k5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 .
lbn]Gb| d'sf¿ª /fO{
nf]sufos
@)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s
hgcfGbf]ngn] NofPsf] kl/jt{gkZrft /fhsfh / ;j{Zjx/0fsf] d'2f lkmtf{ ePkl5 d
;f]n'v'Da'af6 sf7df8f}F k|j]z u/]F . /fhwfgL k|j]zsf] d]/f] ;kgf lyof] – pRr
lzIff xfl;n ug'{sf ;fy} g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtsf] If]qdf s]xL of]ubfg ug'{ . ha d
sf7df8f}F cfPF . Tolta]nf Ps dfq ;~rf/sf] dfWod
/]l8of] g]kfn lyof] . h;sf dfWodaf6 d}n] k|l;4 ufos Pj+ ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/nfO{
lrg]sf] lyPF . @)$* ;fn df3df /]l8of] g]kfndf d}n] pgnfO{ ;j{k|yd ;fTIffTsf/
¿kdf e]6]F . pgL d'vdf ;'kf/L rkfpFb} gfltsfhL;Fu}
lj/fhdfg lyP . pgsf] gfd ;'jf;n] agfPsf] lzjz+s/ /
k|ToIf¿kdf e]l6Psf lzjz+s/aLr ;fd~h:otf d}n] kfPF . d
xif{n] ubub ePF . cfh pgL xfd|f ;fd' ;z/L/ t 5}gg\ t/
k|To]s g]kfnLdfem u'l~h/x]sf 5g\ . u'lGh/xg] 5g\ o;/L
g} M
d dfof nfpFlbgF
lemNs]
bfO gofF ahf/}df ====== .
j;Gt d'sf¿ª
;ª\uLtsf/
@)^#.%.@
lzjz+s/ bfO,
/fd|f] ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/ x'g\ . pgsf ;ª\uLtdf k"jL{o Pj+ kfZrfToz}nLsf] ;fx|}
;'Gb/ ;dfof]hg ePsf] kfO{G5 . ;g\ ^) sf] bzs otf vf;u/L ef/tLo ;'ud ;ª\uLtdf
h'g kl/jt{g cfof], To;sf] ulx/f] k|efj klg pgsf l;h{gfx¿df kfOG5 eg] g]kfnL
nf]s ;ª\uLt t pgsf] klxrfg g} xf] .
z'e d'sf¿ª
uLtsf/
ljlzi7 ;ª\uLtsf/ :j lzjz+s/ dfgGw/sf] :d[ltu|Gy k|sfzg x'g] s'/fsf]
kSsfkSsL eO{;s]sf] /x]5 / dnfO{ Ps lbg k"Ho bfh' a'n' d'sf¿ªn] ;f]
sfo{;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg' xF'b} b'O{j6f sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L klg ;'Dkg'eof] .
klxnf], lzjz+s/sf] af/]df s]xL n]Vg] / bf];|f], :d[ltu|Gy tof/ xf]pGh]n
pxfFnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . of] k|:tfj d]/f nflu
dxŒjk"0f{ cj;/ 7fg]/ :jLsf/]F klg . t/ n]Vgsf]
nflu eg] c;lhnf] dx;'; u/]F . sf/0f s'g} ljifodfly n]Vgsf] nflu ljifosf]
ulx/fO{;Dd k'Ug h¿/L x'G5 . lzjz+s/dfly d}n] n]Vg' rflxF ulx/fOdf{ gk'uL n]Vg'
h:t} xf] . oBlk, pxfFsf] uLt ;ª\uLtsf] ;|f]tf ePsf]
gftfn] s]xL n]Vg] lxDdt a6'n]F .
bfh' cyf{t, of]
u|Gysf] ;DkfbsHo"n] lbg'ePsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{s} nflu eP klg d
lzjz+s/dfly s]xL n]Vg] ;f]r ha agfpg yfn]F, ta dnfO{ d]/f] lszf]/ cj:yfdf
kmls{g afWo agfof] kl/l:yltn] . d]/f] lszf]/ cj:yf
Pp6f k|l;4L sdfPsf] ufos aGg] ;kgf kfn]/ laTof] . oBlk, ;dosf] j]un] jt{dfgdf d
uLtsf/sf] ku/L cf]8]/ afFr]sf] 5' . yfxf 5}g, ufos
aGg] Tof] d]/f] lszf]/ ;kgf sxfFg]/ r'Sof] < ;DeFmbf dfof nfU5 cem} tL
;kgfx¿sf] .
:s"n] hLjgdf d uLt ufpg] /x/ uy]{F, tL
uLtx¿dWo] klg ækG5Ldf 8fFkm] /fd|f], km"ndf nfnLu'/fF;, xfdLnfO{ nfU5
Kof/f] g]kfnL w/tL cfsfzÆ d]/f] cf]7df em'lG8/xg] uLt lyof] . To;f] t
lzjz+s/4f/f ;ª\uLta4 cGo uLtx¿ h:tf], ædfG5]sf] dfof oxfF vf]nfsf] kfgLh:tf]Æ,
æd d/] klg d]/f] b]z afFlr/xf];\Æ, æaNnaNn e]6 efsf] lbgÆ, æd dfof nfpFb}5'
lemNs] bfOÆ cflb rrf{sf] lzv/df ePsfn] ;'GYof}F / ufpYof}F .
d sf7df8f} cfPF,
/]l8of] g]kfn d]/f nflu kz'klteGbf 7"nf] tLy{wfd lyof] / d /]l8of] g]kfn
k'Ubf lzjz+s/ bfOnfO{ b]v]sf] lyPF klxnf] k6s . d]/f] JolStTj uLltsfl/tftkm{
9Ns]kl5 sltko pxfFsf ;dsfnLg ;ª\uLtsf/x¿;Fu glhs eP/ sfd ug]{ cj;/ ldNof] .
oBlk, pxfF;Fu glhs x'g] / sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ ug}{ ;lsgF . s;/L < cem}
yfxf 5}g . Pp6f uLtsf/n] /fd|f ;a} ;ª\uLtsf/;Fu sfd
ug]{ rfxgf /fVb5 / dleq klg Tof] rfxgf lyof] g} . cem
lzjz+s/h:tf /fd|f / cu|h ;ª\uLtsf/;Fu === t/ lsg Tof] cg's"n jftfj/0f
ldn]g .
oxL u|Gysf] nflu n]lvPsf] n]v
lng d rnlrq lgb]{zs nIdLgfy zdf{ bfOsxfF k'Ubf pxfFn] lzjz+s/ bfOsf] ljifodf
;'gfpg'ePsf] s]xL /dfOnf] ;Q]s'/fx¿n] dnfO{ uDeL/ agfof] ælzjz+s/nfO{ s]xLn]
gfossf ¿kdf / w]/}n] ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/sf ¿kdf t lrG5g\ g}, t/ pgnfO{ cem k/af6
lrGg cem} afFsL /x]5, Tof] cj;/ gkfO{ g} pxfFsf] lgwg eP5 .Æ h:t} nfUof] .
/fh]z kfon /fO{
ufos÷;ª\uLtsf/
cu|hx¿;Fu
d]/f] ;a};Fu g} /fd|f] ;DaGw /xg uof] . To;dWo] klg
gfltsfhL–lzjz+s/ pxfFx¿;Fu t gx'g] s'/} ePg . ;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/ Ps d"w{Go snfsf/ x'g'x'GYof] . oBlk, pxfFsf]
;ª\uLtdf uLt ufpg] d]/f] p2]Zo k"/f x'g ;s]g . t/
gfltsfhLbfOsf] ;ª\uLtdf eg] uLt ufpg d}n] zf}efUo kfPF
.
ufos
;ª\uLtsf/ lzjz+s/sf] ;ª\uLt sfnhoL, ;'dw'/ tyf ch/–cd/
5 eGg]] d]/f] ljZjf; 5 . xfdLn] pxfFsf l;h{gfx¿af6 l;Sg] k|oTg ug'{ k5{ .
pxfFn] jgfPsf] d"naf6f]nfO{ ;dfTg' k5{ eGg]] nfUb5 . o'jf–k':tfdf pxfFsf] ;ª\uLtsf] k|efj, nf]slk|otf b]lvG5 .
czf]s Kof;L /fO{
;~rf/sdL{÷ufos
Pp6f ;~rf/sdL{
ePsf] gftfn] d pxfFnfO{ e]6\g k6s–k6s uPsf] lyPF . To;a]nf pxfFaf6 /]l8of]
:yfkgfsfnsf ;ª\uLt clxn]sf] ;ª\uLtsf] 6«]g w]/} kl/jlt{t eO/x]sf] af/] s'/fsfgL
x'g] uYof]{ . t/ pxfF;Fu d]/f] cw'/f] ;kgf /xg uof] .
pxfFn] ;ª\ufn]sf cg'ejx¿ d}n] lng kfPF . pxfF lbj+ut
x'g' cufl8 To:t} tLg–rf/ dlxgf cl3 d pxfFsf] 3/ uPsf]
lyPF lsgls d]/f] uLlt PNad ‘l/k|]m;’ sf]
tof/Ldf d lyPF . pxfFnfO{ eg]sf] lyPF . clxn]sf] h]g]/];gnfO{ ;'xfpg] z}nLsf] ;ª\uLtsf nflu d}n] cfkm\g}
zAb klg lbPsf] lyPF . To;a]nf pxfFnfO{ SofG;/n] Roflk;s]sf] /x]5 . lj/fdL 7Ls
ePkl5 u/f}Fnf efO eGg'ePsf] lyof] . tL lvlrPsf t:jL/x¿
x]bf{ dnfO{ ToxL s'/fx¿ ofb cfpF5 . d]/f] ;kgf ;kgf d} /x\of] . hLjgdf 36\g]
36gfx¿ al9g} x'Fbf /x]5g\ . ;kmntf
sd} x'Fbf]/x]5 . Tof] /f]u;Fu n8\g] pxfFsf] sqf]
;ª\3if{ lyof] t/ xf/ xfdL ;a}sf] eof] . ;ª\uLtsf/
lzjz+s/sf] ;ª\uLtdf uLt ufpg]–;ª\uLt u/fpg] d]/f] cfsf+Iff To;} /x\of] .
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